Chapter 9 Worksheets Flashcards
Gamma rays, X-rays, and electron bean
Ionizing radiation
Non-penetrating radiation
Non-ionizing radiation
Can be used to separate mixtures of
microorganism
Filtration
Moist heat techniques that do not lead to sterilization
Pasteurization, Boiling
Type of radiation that is effective in
sterilizing transparent fluids and gases
Non-ionizing radiation
Ignites microbes to ashes and gas
Dry Heat
Leads the formation of pyrimidine
dimers (thyme dimers)
Non-ionizing radiation
Dislodges electrons from atoms
Ionizing radiation
Bacterial DNA repair mechanisms
counter acts this type of radiation
Non-ionizing radiation
Uses mild heat to reduced microbial
populations in heat sensitive food
Pasteurization
Can be used to sterilize air and heat
sensitive fluids (vaccines, antibiotics, liquid
vitamins, enzymes, and culture media)
Filtration
Hypertonic solutions cause
dehydration of microbial cells
Osmotic Pressure
Examples include flame of Bunsen
Burner, ovens, and incinerators
Dry Heat
Ultraviolet Light Rays
Non-ionizing radiation
Moist heat techniques that allow
destruction of all organisms
Ultra-High-Temperature Sterilization, Autoclaving
Lead to decreased microbial
metabolism, growth, and reproduction
Refrigeration, Freezing, Lyophilization, Osmotic Pressure
Compare to dry heat this type of
heat is more effective
Moist Heat
Denatures proteins and destroy
membranes
Pasteurization, Autoclaving, Boiling, Ultra-High-Temperature Sterilization, Hot Air, Moist Heat
Destroy DNA
Ionizing radiation
Used for long storage of bacterial
cultures
Freezing, Lyophilization
Sterilization of dairy products
Ultra-High-Temperature Sterilization
Sterilization of powders, oils and
metals
Hot Air
Common household H2O2 disinfectant and sterilizing agent used on surfaces of inanimate objects such as a contact lenses.
Oxidizing Agents, Hydrogen peroxide
Used to sterilized instruments and
equipment sensitive to heat.
Ethylene Oxide
This chemical does not make a good
antiseptic for open wounds because
damaged human cells release catalase,
which neutralizes it.
Hydrogen peroxide
This chemical evaporates much more
slowly than chloride at high temperatures
Halogen- Bromine
Is a halogen that serves as an
effective disinfectant in hot tubs, cooling
Halogen- Bromine
Example include soaps and
detergents.
Surfactants
Natural oils, such as pine and clove
oils used as antiseptics
Phenol
This chemical is capable of
sterilization after long periods of exposure.
Aldehyde- Glutaraldehyde
This chemical is a bactericidal
fungicidal and virucidal against enveloped
viruses but does not achieved sterilization.
Alcohol
This chemical is an antiseptic used to
prepare skin for surgery and injections and
to treat burns.
Halogen- Iodophor- Betadine
Alone or as tinctures, 70% solutions
better protein coagulation than 100%
Alcohol
This product is incorporated into
numerous products like, garbage bags,
diapers, and cutting boards.
Bisphenolics- Triclosan
This chemical reduces the surfaces
tension of solvents such as water by
decreasing the attraction among molecules.
Surfactants
Antibacterial agent used in drinking
water and toothpastes.
Halogen- Fluorine
Examples such peracetic acid to
sterilize invasive equipment, Ozone used
with chlorination.
Oxidizing Agents
General disinfectant e.g. carbolic
acid, Lysol.
Phenol
NASA used this chemical agent to
sterilize spacecraft.
Ethylene Oxide
Copper, zinc, or mercury are used to
control mildew in some paint.
Heavy metals
Used as a preservative for organs,
tissues, biopsy, specimens.
Aldehyde- Formalin
