Chapter 3 Worksheet Flashcards
T/F The only external structures found in bacterial cells are glycocalyces, flagella, fimbriae, and capsule
False, Pili is another external structure.
T/F Glycocalyx is a gelatinous, sticky substance surrounding the outside of the cell composed of
polysaccharides and proteins.
True
T/F Glycocalyx composed of organized repeating units of organic chemicals firmly attached to the
cell’s surface is called a capsule.
True
T/F Slime layer is a loose, water-soluble glycocalyx present on all bacterial cells.
False, some bacterial cells
T/F Glycocalyx protect the cells from desiccation or drying.
True
T/F Glycocalyx contributes to bacteria’s ability to cause a disease.
True
T/F Glycocalyx contributes to the formation of biofilms
True
T/F Biofilms are short movie films featuring living cells.
False, Biofilms are aggregates of many bacteria
living together on surfaces
T/F The thick, white plaque that forms on teeth and slime inside medical catheters are examples of biofilms.
True
T/F The presence of the slime layer may prevent bacteria from being recognized or destroy by defensive
cell of the host. Act as an antiphagocytic factor.
True, Both Slime layer and Capsule = Glycocalyx
T/F noncapsulated bacteria do not cause disease because the body’s defensive cell destroys them.
These bacteria are considered nonpathogenic and avirulent
True
T/F Capsules provides a way to escape phagocytosis
True
Movement towards an attractant or repellant?
Chemotaxis
The presence or absence of this structure allows us to classify bacteria as motile or nonmotile?
Flagella
Structure involved in conjugation?
Sex Pilus(i)
Flagella is in many places around the cell surface.
Peritrichous
A single flagellum located at one end of the cell
Monotrichous
Motility structure of found in Spirochetes
Axial Filament or Endoflagella
Corkscrew shape of a bacteria
Spirochete
Small, bristle structures that allow sticking to host cells
Fimbriae
Endotoxic portions of the gram (-) cell wall
Lipid A
Provides structure, shape and protects against osmotic pressure
Cell Wall
Cocci arranged in a chain
Streptococcus
Cocci arranged in a cluster
Staphylococcus
Area between the outer membrane and cytoplasmic membrane in gram (-)
Periplasmic Space
Rods arranged in a chain
Streptobacillus
Two sugars that joined together to form chains.
NAM and NAG
Chains of NAM-NAG are covalently link to others by crossbridges of tetrapeptides
Peptidoglycan
Responsible for the negative charge of the gram (+) cell.
Teichoic & Lipoteichoic Acids
Composition of the cell membrane and outer membrane
Phospholipid bilayer
Protein channels that allow molecules to cross the outer membrane of the gram (-) cell wall.
Porins
Found in the outer membrane composed of sugars and lipids
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
This group of bacteria lacks cell wall
Mycoplasma
has an outer membrane
Gram (-)
Will appear purple after gram staining.
Gram (+)
Will decolorize in the gram stain process.
Gram (-)
Has a thick peptidoglycan layer
Gram (+)
Has teichoic acids & lipoteichoic Acids
Gram (+)
Will not decolorize in the gram stain process
Gram (+)
Has a thin Peptidoglycan layer.
Gram (-)
Will appear pink after gram staining.
Gram (-)
Has lipopolysaccarides and porins
Gram (-)
Has Lipid A
Gram (-)
More susceptible to penicillin
Gram (+)
More susceptible to lysozyme
Gram (+)
What substance in the cell wall allows a bacteria to stain Acid Fast?
MYCOLIC ACID
Two Genera of Acid Fast (+) Bacteria
Mycobacterium, Nocoardia
List two diseases caused by acid-fast + bacteria and the Genus and species name of the bacterial pathogen that
cause the disease
Disease
Tuberculosis, Leporsy
Pathogen
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium leprae
