chapter 9 voluntary movements of infancy

Question 1

what happens with the infant reflexes

Answer 1

dissapear

Question 2

action of the brain

Answer 2

brain´s cortex inhibits reflexes from the lower brain area

Question 3

voluntary movements

Answer 3

rudimentary movements (basic motor skills)

Question 4

categories of voluntary movements

Answer 4

stability
locomotion
manipulation

Question 5

stability

Answer 5

from head control to maintaining posture

Question 6

exp. for stability

Answer 6

head control
body control
upright posture
standing

Question 7

exp body control

Answer 7

rolling

Question 8

exp. upright postue

Answer 8

sitting

standing

Question 9

when does a child develop object manipulation

Answer 9

after 7/8 months

with learning how to sit without support

Question 10

locomotion movement

Answer 10

prone(liegend) locomotion
crawling, creeping
one of the greatest accomplishments of infancy

Question 11

walking

Answer 11

upright locomotion
7-12 months
influential in other developmental processes (speaking development)

Question 12

stair climing

Answer 12

upright locomotion
13 months most able to ascend and half able to descend
90% learn descent after ascent

Question 13

manipulation

Answer 13

important for exploration, discovery and achieving goals

reaching and grasping

Question 14

manipulation phase I

Answer 14

reaching and grasping occurs at the same time
visually initiated
not visually controlled
child not capable to correct the error during reaching

Question 15

manipulation phase II

Answer 15

wrist, hand finger/thumb control
pincer (schwere) like movement
visually guided reaching

Question 16

bimanual control

Answer 16

one handed reaching becomes dominant

holding more than one toy at the time

Question 17

relationship of reaching and postural control

Answer 17

better postural control -> improved reaching and general exploration