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Medical term > Chapter 9 Urinary System > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Urinary System Flashcards

Urinary System

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

-cele

A

hernia, tumor, swelling

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2
Q

cyst/o

A

urinary bladder, cyst, sac of fluid

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3
Q

dia-

A

through, between, apart, complete

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4
Q

glomerul/o

A

glomerulus

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5
Q

lith/o

A

stone, calculus

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6
Q

-lysis

A

breakdown, separation, setting free, destruction, loosening

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7
Q

nephr/o

A

kidney

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8
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis, bowl of kidney

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9
Q

-tripsy

A

to crush

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10
Q

ureter/o

A

ureter

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11
Q

-uria

A

urination, urine

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12
Q

vesic/o

A

urinary bladder

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13
Q

ablation

A

describes types of treatment of prostate, cancer, may remove a body part or destroying it’s function by surgery, hormones or drugs

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14
Q

acute renal failure

A

sudden onset of kidney failure that can be caused by the kidneys not receiving enough blood flow

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15
Q

anuria

A

absence of urine formation by the kidneys

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16
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

abnormal enlargement of the prostate gland, common in men over 50

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17
Q

chronic kidney disease

A

progressive loss of renal function over months or years

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18
Q

cystitis

A

inflammation of the bladder

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19
Q

cystocele

A

hernia of the bladder through the vaginal wall

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20
Q

cystolith

A

stone located in the urinary bladder

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21
Q

diuresis

A

increased output of urine

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22
Q

dysuria

A

difficult or painful urination

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23
Q

ectopic kidney

A

congenital condition where one kidney is located in an abnormal position or has fused with the other kidney

24
Q

epispadias

A

congenital abnormality of the urethral opening. In males, this opening is on the upper surface. In females, the urethral opening is in the clitoris

25
Q

extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy

A

destruction of kidney stones with ultrasonic waves traveling through water or gel

26
Q

glomerulonephritis

A

type of nephritis caused by inflammation of the glomeruli that causes RBC’s and proteins to leak in urine

27
Q

hydronephrosis

A

dilation of one or both kidneys

28
Q

hydroureter

A

distension of the ureter with urine that can’t flow because of a ureteral obstruction

29
Q

hyperproteinuria

A

presence of abnormally high concentrations of protein in the urine

30
Q

hypospadias

A

congenital abnormality of the uretheral opening.

31
Q

incontinence

A

the inability to control the excretion of urine, feces or both

32
Q

interstitial cystitis

A

inflammation of the bladder

33
Q

intravenous pyelogram

A

set of X-rays images of the kidneys, ureters and bladder

34
Q

nephrolith

A

stone located in the kidney

35
Q

nephrolithiasis

A

presence of stones in the kidney

36
Q

nephrolysis

A

surgical freeing of a kidney from adhesions

37
Q

nephrons

A

microscopic functional units of the kidney

38
Q

nephropathy

A

any disease of the kidney

39
Q

nephrostomy

A

placement of a catheter to maintain an opening between the pelvis of one or both kidneys to the exterior

40
Q

nephrotic syndrome

A

group of conditions in which excessive amounts of protein are lost in the urine

41
Q

neurogenic bladder

A

urinary problem caused by interference with normal nerve pathways associated with urination

42
Q

nocturnal enuresis

A

frequent and excessive urination during the night

43
Q

oliguria

A

scanty urination

44
Q

percutaneous nephrolithotomy

A

urinary incontinence during sleep

45
Q

polycystic kidney disease

A

genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous fluid filled cyst in the kidneys

46
Q

polyuria

A

excessive urination

47
Q

prostatism

A

disorder resulting from compression or obstruction of the urethra due to benign prostatic hyperplasia

48
Q

pyelonephritis

A

inflammation of the renal pelvis and of the kidney

48
Q

pyelotomy

A

surgical incision into the renal pelvis

49
Q

renal colic

A

acute pain in the kidney area that is caused by blockage during the passage of a kidney stone

50
Q

suprapubic catheterization

A

placement of a catheter into the bladder through a small incision made through the abdominal wall above the pubic bone

51
Q

transurethral prostatectomy

A

removal of excess tissue from an enlarged prostate gland with the use of a resectoscope

52
Q

ureterolith

A

stone located anywhere along the ureter

53
Q

ureterorrhagia

A

discharge of blood from the urine

54
Q

urethritis

A

inflammation of the urethra

55
Q

urethroplasty

A

surgical repair of damage or a defect of the walls of the urethra

56
Q

wilms tumor

A

rare type of malignant tumor of the kidney that occurs in young children

Medical term (14 decks)

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