Ch 13 Endocrine System Flashcards

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1
Q

crin/o

A

secrete

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2
Q

-dipsia

A

thirst

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3
Q

-ism

A

condition, state of

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4
Q

poly-

A

many

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5
Q

somat/o

A

body

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6
Q

acromegaly

A

rare hormonal disorder characterized by abnormal enlargement of the extremities caused by excessive secretion of growth hormone

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7
Q

addison’s disease

A

condition where the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol or aldosterone

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8
Q

aldosteronism

A

abnormality of electrolyte balance caused by the excessive secretion of aldosterone

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9
Q

antidiuretic hormone

A

secreted by the hypothalamus and stored by the pituitary gland. helps control blood pressure by reducing the amount of water excreted by the kidneys.

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10
Q

calcitonin

A

produced by the thyroid gland, hormone that works with the parathyroid hormone that works with the parathyroid hormone to decrease calcium levels in the blood and tissues by moving calcium in the storage in the bones and teeth

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11
Q

corticosteroids

A

steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex

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12
Q

cortisol

A

also called hydrocortisone, a corticosteroid that has an anti inflammatory action, helps regulate the metabolism of carbs, fats and proteins in the body

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13
Q

cretinism

A

congenital form of hypothyroidism

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14
Q

Cushing’s syndrome

A

condition caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol

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15
Q

diabetes insipidus

A

uncommon disorder caused by insufficient production of the antidiuretic hormone or by the inability of the kidneys to respond to the hormone

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16
Q

diabetes mellitus

A

group of metabolic disorders divided into type I and type 2 that causes hypoglycemia

17
Q

diabetic retinopathy

A

damage to the retina due to uncontrolled diabetes

18
Q

exophthalmos

A

abnormal protrusion of the eyeball out of the orbit

19
Q

glucagon

A

hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreatic islets in response to low levels of glucose, increases glucose levels by stimulating the liver to convert glycogen into glucose

20
Q

Grave’s disease

A

disorder of unknown cause that the immune system attacks the thyroid gland and stimulates it to make excessive amounts of thyroid hormone

21
Q

hashimoto’s disease

A

auto immunedisease where the body’s own antibodies attack and destroy the cells of the thyroid gland

22
Q

hypopituitarism

A

excessive secretion of growth hormone that causes acromegaly and gigantism

23
Q

insulinoma

A

benign tumor of the pancreas that secretes additional insulin, causing hypoglycemia

24
Q

laparoscopic adrenalectomy

A

minailly invasive procedure to surgically remove one or both adrenal glands

25
Q

leptin

A

hormone secreted by fat cells that is involved in the regulation of appetite

26
Q

luteinizing hormone

A

stimulates ovulation in the female, and stimulates the secretion of testosterone in the male

27
Q

myxedema

A

severe form of adult hypothyroidism caused by extreme deficiency of thyroid secretion

28
Q

pituitary adenoma

A

slow growing, benign tumor of the pituitary gland, functional pituitary tumors often produce hormones in large amounts of unregulated amounts

29
Q

polyphagia

A

excessive hunger

30
Q

progesterone

A

hormone released during the second half of the menstrual cycle in the ovary, its to complete the prep of the uterus for possible pregnancy

31
Q

radioactive iodine treatment

A

oral administration of radioactive iodine to destroy thyroid cells

32
Q

thymosin

A

stimulates the maturation of lymphocytes into T cells

33
Q
A