Ch 13 Endocrine System Flashcards
crin/o
secrete
-dipsia
thirst
-ism
condition, state of
poly-
many
somat/o
body
acromegaly
rare hormonal disorder characterized by abnormal enlargement of the extremities caused by excessive secretion of growth hormone
addison’s disease
condition where the adrenal glands do not produce enough cortisol or aldosterone
aldosteronism
abnormality of electrolyte balance caused by the excessive secretion of aldosterone
antidiuretic hormone
secreted by the hypothalamus and stored by the pituitary gland. helps control blood pressure by reducing the amount of water excreted by the kidneys.
calcitonin
produced by the thyroid gland, hormone that works with the parathyroid hormone that works with the parathyroid hormone to decrease calcium levels in the blood and tissues by moving calcium in the storage in the bones and teeth
corticosteroids
steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex
cortisol
also called hydrocortisone, a corticosteroid that has an anti inflammatory action, helps regulate the metabolism of carbs, fats and proteins in the body
cretinism
congenital form of hypothyroidism
Cushing’s syndrome
condition caused by prolonged exposure to high levels of cortisol
diabetes insipidus
uncommon disorder caused by insufficient production of the antidiuretic hormone or by the inability of the kidneys to respond to the hormone
diabetes mellitus
group of metabolic disorders divided into type I and type 2 that causes hypoglycemia
diabetic retinopathy
damage to the retina due to uncontrolled diabetes
exophthalmos
abnormal protrusion of the eyeball out of the orbit
glucagon
hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreatic islets in response to low levels of glucose, increases glucose levels by stimulating the liver to convert glycogen into glucose
Grave’s disease
disorder of unknown cause that the immune system attacks the thyroid gland and stimulates it to make excessive amounts of thyroid hormone
hashimoto’s disease
auto immunedisease where the body’s own antibodies attack and destroy the cells of the thyroid gland
hypopituitarism
excessive secretion of growth hormone that causes acromegaly and gigantism
insulinoma
benign tumor of the pancreas that secretes additional insulin, causing hypoglycemia
laparoscopic adrenalectomy
minailly invasive procedure to surgically remove one or both adrenal glands
leptin
hormone secreted by fat cells that is involved in the regulation of appetite
luteinizing hormone
stimulates ovulation in the female, and stimulates the secretion of testosterone in the male
myxedema
severe form of adult hypothyroidism caused by extreme deficiency of thyroid secretion
pituitary adenoma
slow growing, benign tumor of the pituitary gland, functional pituitary tumors often produce hormones in large amounts of unregulated amounts
polyphagia
excessive hunger
progesterone
hormone released during the second half of the menstrual cycle in the ovary, its to complete the prep of the uterus for possible pregnancy
radioactive iodine treatment
oral administration of radioactive iodine to destroy thyroid cells
thymosin
stimulates the maturation of lymphocytes into T cells
