Chapter 9 Urinary System

Question 1

Azotemia

Answer 1

Increase in blood urea nitrogen caused by lack of blood flow to each kidney

Question 2

Uremia

Answer 2

Toxic condition resulting from renal failure

Question 3

Acute Renal Failure

Answer 3

Sudden onset characterized by uremia

Question 4

Chronic Kidney Disease

Answer 4

Progressive loss of renal function over months or years

Question 5

End-stage renal disease

Answer 5

Final stage of CKD and is fatal unless kidney function is replaced by dialysis or a total kidney replacement

Question 6

Nephrotic syndrome

Answer 6

Group of conditions in which excessive amounts of protein are lost through the urine

Question 7

Edema

Answer 7

Excessive fluid accumulation in body tissues that can be sumptomatic of nephrotic syndrome and other kidney diseases

Question 8

Ectopic Kidney

Answer 8

congenital condition in which one kidney is in an abnormal position

Question 9

hydronephrosis

Answer 9

Dilation of one or both kidneys

Question 10

Glomerulonephritis

Answer 10

Type of nephritis caused by the inflammation of the glomeruli that causes red blood cells and proteins to leak into the urine

Question 11

Pyonephrosis

Answer 11

Suppuration of the kidneys (formation of pus)

Question 12

Polycystic kidney disease

Answer 12

Genetic disorder characterized by the groth of numerous fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys

Question 13

Renal Colic

Answer 13

Acute pain in the kidney area that is caused by blockage during the passage of a nephrolith (kidney stone)

Question 14

Wilms Tumor Nephroblastoma

Answer 14

Rare malignant tumor of the kidney in young children

Question 15

Nephrolithiasis

Answer 15

Presence of a kidney stone

Question 16

-lithiasis

Answer 16

presence of a sonte

Question 17

Cystolith

Answer 17

Stone located in the urinary bladder

Question 18

Ureterolith

Answer 18

Stone located anywhere along the ureter

Question 19

Hydroureter

Answer 19

Swelling of the ureter with urine that cannot flow because of ureteral obstruction

Question 20

Ureterorrhagia

Answer 20

Discharge of blood from the ureter

Question 21

-rrhagia

Answer 21

bleeding

Question 22

Cystalgia

Answer 22

Pain in the bladder

Question 23

Cystocele

Answer 23

Prolapsed bladder

Question 24

Interstitial cystitis

Answer 24

Chronic inflammation within the walls of the bladder

Question 25

Vesicoureteral reflux

Answer 25

Backward flow of urine into the ureters from the bladder

Question 26

Vesicovanginal fistula

Answer 26

Abnormal opening between the bladder and vagina that allows constant involuntary flow of urine from the bladder into the vagina

Question 27

Neurogenic bladder

Answer 27

urinary problem caused by interference with normal nerve pathways associated with urination

Question 28

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 28

Enlargement of the prostate gland that most often occurs in men over 50

Question 29

Prostatism

Answer 29

Disorder resulting from the compression or obstruction of the urethra due to benign prostatic hyperplasia

Question 30

Urethorrhagia

Answer 30

Bleeding from the urethra

Question 31

Urethrostenosis

Answer 31

Narrowing of the urethra

Question 32

Epispadias

Answer 32

Congenital abnormality of the urethral opening

Question 33

Hypospadias

Answer 33

Congenital abnormality of the urethral opening

Question 34

Cystitis

Answer 34

Inflammation of the bladder

Question 34

Pyelonephritis

Answer 34

Inflammation of the both the renal pelvis and kidney

Question 35

Urethritis

Answer 35

Inflammation of the urethra

Question 36

Oliguria

Answer 36

Scanty urination

Question 37

Polyuria

Answer 37

excessive urination and is a common symptom of diabetes

Question 38

Intravenous pyelogram

Answer 38

set of x-ray images of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder using an intravenous contrast medium to visualize the structures

Question 39

Retrograde pyelogram

Answer 39

x-ray of the urinary system taken after a contrast medium has been instilled in one or both ureters through a sterile catheter

Question 40

voiding cystourethrography

Answer 40

diagnostic procedure in which floroscopy is used to examine the flow of urine through the bladder and through the urethra

Question 41

Nephrolysis

Answer 41

surgical freeing of the kidney from adhesions

Question 42

nephrostomy

Answer 42

placement of a catheter to maintain an opening from the pelivs of one or both kidneys to the exterior

Question 43

pyelotomy

Answer 43

surgical incision into the renal pelvis

Question 44

extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy

Answer 44

most common kidney stone treatment

Question 45

-tripsy

Answer 45

to crush

Question 46

percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Answer 46

surgical removal of a nephrolith through a small incision

Question 47

ileal conduit

Answer 47

the piece of intestine to convey urine to the ureters and to a stoma placed in the abdomen

Question 48

cystorraphy

Answer 48

surgical suturing of a wound of the bladder

Question 49

lithotomy

Answer 49

surgical incision for the removeal of a nephrolith from the bladder

Question 50

Ablation

Answer 50

removal or destruction of its function

Question 51

transurethral prostatectomy

Answer 51

removal of exvess tissue from an enlarged prostate gland with the use of a retroscope