Chapter 7 The Respiratory System Flashcards
Nasal Septum
Wal of cartilage that divides the nose into two equal sections
Cilia
Thin Hairs located just inside the nostrils, filter air remove debris
Mucous Membrane
Line Digestive, reproductive, and urinary systems
Mucus
Slippery secretion produced by the mucuous membranes
Olfactory receptors
Nerve endings that act as the receptors for the sense of smell
Paranasal Sinuses
Air-filled cavities lined with mucous membrane located in the bones of the skull
Para-
Near
Nas
Nose
Pharynx
Receives the air after it passes through the nose or mouth
Nasopharynx
Posterior to the nasal cavity and coninues to the back of mouth
Oropharynx
Portion that is visible when looking into the mouth
or/o
Mouth
laryngopharynx
Shared by both the respitory and digestive systems
Larynx
Voice box
Thyroid cartilage
Largest cartilage and protects throat (adam’s apple)
Soft Palate
Moves up and closes off the nasopharynx from having food go into it when swallowing
Epiglottis
Lid-like structure located at the base of the tongue, swings downward and closes off the laryngopharynx so food doesn’t go to the lungs
Trachea
Transport air to and from the lungs (windpipe)
Bronchi
Branch out from the trachea to convey air to the lungs
Bronchi
move to bronchioles (smallest branches of bronchi)
Alveoli
small grape like clusters found at the end of bronchiole
Mediastinum
middle section of the chest cavity and located between the lungs
Pleura
Thin,moist, and slippery membrane that covers the outer surface of the lungs and lines the inner surface of the thoracic cavity
Visceral pleura
Inner layer of pleura and is directly attached to the lungs
Pariatal pleura
The outer layer of pleura
Pleural cavity
Thin, fluid filled space between the parietal and visceral pleural membranes
Phrenic Nerves
Stimulate the diaphragm and cause it to contract
Respiration
Exchange of gasses can be internal or external
COPD
A group of lung diseases in which the bronchial airflow is obstructed
Chronic Bronchitis
Disease in which airways have become inflamed due to recurrent exposure to an inhaled irritant
Bronch
Bronchus
Emphysema
Progressive long term loss of lung function, decrease in number of aveoli, enlargement of remaining aveoli, progressive destruction of walls of these alveoli
Asthma
Chronic inflammatory disease of bronchial tubes
Bronchospasm
Contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles
bronch/o
bronchi
Airway inflammation
Swelling and clogging of bronchial tubes
Upper Respiratory Infections
Common Cold
Allergic Rhinitis
Allergy is an increase flow of mucusdue to allergen
Croup
acute respiratory infection in infants characterized by the obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and swelling of the vocal cords
Epistaxis
Nosebleed
Pertussis
Whooping cough bacterial infection of the upper respiratory ract
Respiratory syncytial virus
Common highly contagious viral infection spread by respiratory droplets.
Rhinorrhea
Runny nose