Chapter 10 Nervous System and Mental Health Flashcards
Innervation
Supply of nerves to a specific body part
Ganglion
A nerve center made up of a cluster of nerve cell bodies outside the CNS
Plexus
Network of intersecting spinal nerves
Affertent Neurons
Sensory neurons
Connecting Neurons
Associative neurons
Efferent Neurons
Motor neurons
Acetylcholine
Muscle actions in spinal cord and neuromuscular junctions
Glial cells
Surround Neurons to hold them in place, supply nutrients, insulate one neuron from another, Destroy and remove dead neurons
Meninges
Membranes that enclose the brain
Dura Mater
Thick, tough, outermost membrane of the meninges
Arachnoid membrane
loosely attached to the other meninges to allow space for fluid to flow between layers
Pia Mater
Located closest to the brain/spinal cord, delicate connective tissue that contains rich supply of blood vessels
Gyri
Elevated folds of the gray matter in the cerevral cortex
Sulci
Fissures of the cerebral cortex
Thalamus
Below cerebrum produces sensations by relaying impulses to and from the cerebrum
Hypothalumus
Regulates autonomic nervous system, Regulates emotional responses, body temp, food intake, water balance, sleep-wakefulness cycles, pituitary gland and endocrine system activity
Cerebellum
Behind cerebrum, smooth coordinated motions, maintain equilibrium
Brainstem
Midbrain and pons, medulla oblongata
Medulla oblongata
Basic survival functions, respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, reflexes for coughing, sneexing, swallowing, and vomiting
Esthet-
Feeling
Psychiatrist
is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating chemical dependencies, emotional problems, and mental illness
Cephalagia
Head ache
Migraine headache
May be preceded by aura, characterized by throbbing pain on one side of the headC
Cluster Headaches
Intensely painful headaches that affect one side of the head and may be associated with tearing of eyes and nasal congestion
Encephalocele
conganital herniation of brain tissue through gab in skull
Meningocele
Congenital herniation of the meningies through defect in the skull or spinal column
Hydrocephalus
Condition in which excess cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the ventricles of the brain
Meningioma
Common slow growing usually benign type of tumors of the meninges
Meningitis
An inflammation of the meninges of the brain and spinal cord
Chiari malformation
congenital condition in which part of the cerebellum extends down into the spinal canal
Encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain
Reye’s syndrome
Serious and potentially deadly disorder in children that is characterized by vomiting and confusion
Tetanus
Lockjaw
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
ALS/ Lou Gehrig’s disease
Cerebral contusion
Bruising of the brain tissue as a result of a head injury that cuases the brain to bounce against the rigid bone of the skul
Cranial hematoma
collection of blood trapped in the tissues of the brain
Lethargy
Lowered level of consciousness marked by listlessness drowsiness and apathy
stupor
Unresponsive state from which a person can be aroused
Syncope
Fainting
Delirium
Acute condition of confusion, disorientation, and disorder
Glioblastoma
type of fast-growing malignant brain tumor that forms from glial cells
Ischemic stroke
Most common type of stroke in older people, occurs when the flow of blood to the brain is blocked by the narrowing of an artery to the brain
Aphasia
Loss of the ability to speak, write, and or comprehend a written or spoken word
