Chapter 9 - The Living world (extension)

Question 1

What is the characteristics of a random population?

Answer 1

They are all over the place

Question 2

What is the characteristic of a clumped population?

Answer 2

They are in little groups

Question 3

What are the three types of counting populations?

Answer 3

1. Counting individuals 2. Counting by sample area
2. Mark and recapture

Question 4

What is counting individuals and when should you use this?

Answer 4

When you just count the number of animals, and is recommended for big, slow, immobile animals

Question 5

What is counting by sample area, what is the equation used?

Answer 5

Counting the individuals in a randomly selected section of the area being studied and than using the equation to estimate the population size:
# of individuals. pop. size
———————– =. ————————
area of land. total study area

Question 6

Try this! : in a forest you count 20 dear. If there are 8 forests in Montreal, how many dear are there?

Answer 6

160

Question 7

Name the steps of the mark and recapture method.

Answer 7

1. Capture a small amount of individuals from there group and count the total 2. Mark the captured individuals with paint 3. Release the captured individuals and let them go to to there habitat for a week 4. Randomly capture another group from the individuals and count how many are marked out of the total 5. Perform this equation to get an estimate about the total number of individuals.

Question 8

What are the two types of components that can affect the size of a population?

Answer 8

Abiotic and Biotic factors

Question 9

What is an abiotic factor?

Answer 9

non living factor of physical or chemical origin affecting the size of the population

Question 10

What is a biotic factor

Answer 10

living factors related to the action and size of living organisms

Question 11

What is the definition of a community

Answer 11

A set of population of different sharing the same habitat

Question 12

What are the two ways to measure biodiversity?

Answer 12

1. Species richness
2. Relative abundance

Question 13

What is species richness?

Answer 13

The number of different species in a community

Question 14

What is relative abundance?

Answer 14

individuals in a particular species in relation to the number of individuals in the entire community

Question 15

What are the four types of interaction between individuals in a community?

Answer 15

1. Competition
2. Predation
3. Mutualism
4. Commensalism

Question 16

What is intraspecific and interspecific competition?

Answer 16

1. Intraspecific competition: competition between two individuals of the same species.
2. Interspecific competition: competition between two different species.

Question 16

What is competition between species?

Answer 16

When living organisms compete for the same resource in their habitats

Question 17

What is predation?

Answer 17

1. When one living organism feeds off another
2. Predator: organism feeding on the other
3. Prey: organism being eaten
4. Parasitism: Form of predation where the parasite (the predator) lives inside or on the surface of the host (the prey)

Question 18

What is mutualism?

Answer 18

interaction between two living species that is beneficial for both organisms

Question 19

What is Commensalism?

Answer 19

interaction between two living organisms in which one organism benefits from the relationship and the other remains unaffected