Chapter 12 - The Technological World Flashcards
What is a constraint?
The effect an external force has on a certain material
What are the five types of constraints?
Compression, tension, torsion, shearing, deflection.
What is compression? (description, symbol, example)
- Description: crushing
- Symbol: —–> <—–
- Example: Hands squeezing a wet sponge
What is deflection? (description, symbol, example)
- Description: Bending
- Symbol: |î|
- Example: A fish bending a finishing rod
What is tension? (description, symbol, example)
- Description: Stretching
- Symbol: <—- —->
- Example: rope in a tug of war
What is torsion? (description, symbol, example)
- Description: Twisting
- Symbol: rotating
- Example: wringing out a towel
What is shearing? (description, symbol, example)
- Description: Cutting
- Symbol: —-> | ⇽—-
- Example: Scissors cutting paper
What are the three types of deformations?
- Elastic
- Plastic.
- Fracture
What is an elastic type of deformation?
Temporary change in shape or dimensions of the material. Material will automatically return to its original form.
What is a plastic type of deformation?
Permanent change in the shape or dimensions, material remains deformed.
What is a fracture type of deformation?
Material Breaks.
What are the six Mechanical Properties of Materials?
- Hardness
- Elasticity
- Resilience
- Ductility
- Malleability
- Stiffness
What is the mechanical property of hardness?
Ability to resist indentation/scratches
What is Elasticity?
Ability to return to their original shape after undergoing a constraint.
What is resilience?
Ability to resist shocks without breaking