Chapter 9 Study Guide: Viruses, Bacteria, Protists, and Fungi

Question 0

A living thing that provides a source of energy for a virus or an organism

Answer 0

Host

Question 1

A tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then multiplies inside a living cell

Answer 1

Virus

Question 2

Organisms that live on or in a host and cause it harm

Answer 2

Parasite

Question 3

A virus that infects bacteria

Answer 3

Bacteriophage

Question 4

A substance introduced into the body to stimulate the production of chemicals that destroy specific diseases causing viruses and organisms

Answer 4

Vaccine

Question 5

Prokaryotes that are single celled organisms

Answer 5

Bacteria

Question 6

A long, whiplike structure that helps a cell to move

Answer 6

Flagellum

Question 7

Where one cel divided to form two identical cells

Answer 7

Binary Fission

Question 8

A reproductive process that involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent

Answer 8

Asexual reproduction

Question 9

Two parents combine their genetic material to produce a new organism, which differs from both parents

Answer 9

Sexual reproduction

Question 10

One bacterium transfers some genetic material to another bacterium through a threadlike bridge

Answer 10

Conjugation

Question 11

A small, rounded thick walled, resting cell that forms inside a bacterial cell

Answer 11

Endospore

Question 12

The food is heated to a temperature that is high enough to kill most harmful bacteria without changing the taste of food

Answer 12

Pasteurization

Question 13

Organisms that break down large chemicals in dead organisms into small chemicals

Answer 13

Decomposer

Question 14

Eukaryotes that cannot be classified as plants, animals, or fungi

Answer 14

Protist

Question 15

Animal like protists that are unicellular

Answer 15

Protozoan

Question 16

Temporary bulges of the cell

Answer 16

Pseudopod

Question 17

A structure that collects the extra water and then expels it from the cell

Answer 17

Contractile vacuole

Question 18

Hairlike projections from cells that move with a wavelike motion

Answer 18

Cilia

Question 19

A close relationship in which at least one of the species benefits

Answer 19

Symbiosis

Question 20

Where both partners benefits from living together

Answer 20

Mutualism

Question 21

Plantlike protists that are autotrophs

Answer 21

Algae

Question 22

A tiny cell that is able to grow into a new organism

Answer 22

Spore

Question 23

Eukaryotes that have cell walls and are heterotrophs that feed by absorbing their food, and use spores to reproduce

Answer 23

Fungi

Question 24

The branching, threadlike tubes that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi

Answer 24

Hyphae

Question 25

Where fungi produce spores in reproductive structures called fruiting bodies

Answer 25

Fruiting body

Question 26

Where unicellular yeast cells undergo a form of asexual reproduction

Answer 26

Budding

Question 27

Consists of a fungus and either algae or autotrophic bacteria that live together in a mutualistic relationship

Answer 27

Lichen