Chapter 10 Study Guide: Structure and Function of Plants

Question 1

a waxy, waterproof layer that helps a plant reduce water loss

Answer 1

Cuticle

Question 2

tubelike structures inside a plant through which water, minerals, and food move

Answer 2

Vascular tissue

Question 3

the fertilized egg

Answer 3

Zygote

Question 4

plants that lack a well developed system of tubes for transporting water and other materials

Answer 4

Nonvascular plant

Question 5

plants with true vascular tissue

Answer 5

Vascular plant

Question 6

a process where the plant produces spores, tiny cells that can grow into new organisms

Answer 6

Sporophyte

Question 7

a process where the plant produces sex cells, or gametes

Answer 7

Gametophyte

Question 8

thin, rootlike structures that anchor the moss and absorb water and nutrients from the soil

Answer 8

Rhizoid

Question 9

a ferns leaves

Answer 9

Frond

Question 10

The vascular tissue through which food moves

Answer 10

Phloem

Question 11

The process in which water and minerals travel in the vascular tissue

Answer 11

Xylem

Question 12

The tiny structures that contain the cells that will later become sperm cells

Answer 12

Pollen

Question 13

A structure that contains a young plant inside a protective covering

Answer 13

Seed

Question 14

The young plant that develops from the zygote or fertilized egg

Answer 14

Embryo

Question 15

The embryo has one or more seeds leaves, or cotyledons

Answer 15

Cotyledon

Question 16

The process where the embryo begins to grow again and pushes out of the seed

Answer 16

Germination

Question 17

Protects the root from injury from rocks as the root grows through the soil

Answer 17

Root cap

Question 18

A layer of cells which divide to produce new phloem and xylem

Answer 18

Cambium

Question 19

The process by which water evaporates from leaves

Answer 19

Transpiration

Question 20

A seed plant that produces naked seeds

Answer 20

Gymnosperm

Question 21

Gymnosperm’s reproductive structures

Answer 21

Cone

Question 22

A structure that contains an ovum or egg cell

Answer 22

Ovule

Question 23

The transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structure to a female reproductive structure

Answer 23

Pollination

Question 24

Flowering plant

Answer 24

Angiosperm

Question 25

The reproductive structure of an angiosperm

Answer 25

Flower

Question 26

Where a flower bud is enclosed by leaf-like structures

Answer 26

Sepal

Question 27

The flowers colorful leaf-like structures that are revealed when the sepals hold back

Answer 27

Petal

Question 28

The male reproductive structures

Answer 28

Stamen

Question 29

The female parts that are found in the center of most flowers

Answer 29

Pistil

Question 30

A hollow structure which protects the seeds as they develop

Answer 30

Ovary

Question 31

A ripened ovary and other structures that enclose one or more seeds

Answer 31

Fruit

Question 32

Angiosperms that have only one seed leaf

Answer 32

Monocot

Question 33

Produce seeds with two leaves

Answer 33

Dicot