Chapter 10 Study Guide: Structure and Function of Plants Flashcards
a waxy, waterproof layer that helps a plant reduce water loss
Cuticle
tubelike structures inside a plant through which water, minerals, and food move
Vascular tissue
the fertilized egg
Zygote
plants that lack a well developed system of tubes for transporting water and other materials
Nonvascular plant
plants with true vascular tissue
Vascular plant
a process where the plant produces spores, tiny cells that can grow into new organisms
Sporophyte
a process where the plant produces sex cells, or gametes
Gametophyte
thin, rootlike structures that anchor the moss and absorb water and nutrients from the soil
Rhizoid
a ferns leaves
Frond
The vascular tissue through which food moves
Phloem
The process in which water and minerals travel in the vascular tissue
Xylem
The tiny structures that contain the cells that will later become sperm cells
Pollen
A structure that contains a young plant inside a protective covering
Seed
The young plant that develops from the zygote or fertilized egg
Embryo
The embryo has one or more seeds leaves, or cotyledons
Cotyledon
The process where the embryo begins to grow again and pushes out of the seed
Germination
Protects the root from injury from rocks as the root grows through the soil
Root cap
A layer of cells which divide to produce new phloem and xylem
Cambium
The process by which water evaporates from leaves
Transpiration
A seed plant that produces naked seeds
Gymnosperm
Gymnosperm’s reproductive structures
Cone
A structure that contains an ovum or egg cell
Ovule
The transfer of pollen from the male reproductive structure to a female reproductive structure
Pollination
Flowering plant
Angiosperm
