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Building Construction > Chapter 9 Steel Construction > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Steel Construction Flashcards

1
Q

Steel beams and trusses have largely replaced __________ in commercial structures

A

Wood beams and trusses

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2
Q

Steel framing is used in both types of buildings

A

Fire-resistive

Non fire resistive

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3
Q

The primary two metals alloyed in steel is

A

Iron and carbon

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4
Q

Structural steel has less than what percent of carbon

A

Less than three tenths of one percent

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5
Q

Cast iron has a higher carbon content of

A

3 to 4%

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6
Q

Higher carbon content in cast iron makes it

A

Hard but brittle

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7
Q

One disadvantage of steel is the tendency to _______ when exposed to air and moisture

A

Rust

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8
Q

Molybdenum

A

Strength

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9
Q

Vanadium

A

Strength and toughness

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10
Q

Manganese

A

Resistance of steel to abrasion

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11
Q

Substance or mixture composed of two or more metals

A

Alloy

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12
Q

An alloy of iron and Carbon

A

Steel

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13
Q

The lower carbon content of steel compared to cast iron results in a material That is

A

Ductile rather than brittle

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14
Q

Ductility of steel also allows it to be shaped by

A

Rolling as opposed to molding

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15
Q

Repeated passing ingots of steel heated to 2,200 degrees between large rollers until intended shape is achieved

A

The rolling process

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16
Q

One common structural steel is

A

ASTM A36 includes manganese carbon and silicon

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17
Q

The stress exerted on steel against the resulting deformation known as

A

Strain

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18
Q

Yield point stress is reached

A

Approx 36,000 psi

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19
Q

Steel undergoes pronounced deformation finally the steel breaks at the

A

Ultimate stress

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20
Q

Steel alloys with higher yield points have less

A

Ductility

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21
Q

Cold rolling occurs at temperatures above

A

Recrystallization temperature

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22
Q

Steel expands as it is

A

Heated

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23
Q

The amount of expansion for slender members such as beams and columns can be determined can be determined through a property known as

A

Linear coefficient of thermal expansion

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24
Q

Steel is a good conductor of heat because it’s a heavy material having a density of around

A

490 pounds per cubic feet

25
Q

Bar joist or slender trusses can be expected to fail early when exposed to an

A

Intense enough fire

26
Q

Steel structural members that are not protected against exposure to heat

A

Unprotected steel

27
Q

Fire can create temps in excess of 1200 degrees witch is hot enough to
Weaken steel to its

A

Yield point

28
Q

Yielding and thermal expansion take place

A

Simultaneously

29
Q

Theoretical minimum amount required to raise the temp of the beam to

A

1,000 degrees

30
Q

The usual way to protect steel from the heat of a fire is to add an

A

Insulation material

31
Q

Fireproofing on steel beams can vary from __________ and to produce a fire resistive rating of ________

A

7/8 - 1 7/8 inches

1-4 hours

32
Q

Low density fiber materials are not suitable for

A

Exterior use

33
Q

Cementitious materials have densities ranging from

A

15-50 lb ft

34
Q

Process that heats a substance to a high temperature but below the melting of fusing point causing loss of moisture, reduction or oxidation and decomposition of carbonates and other compounds

A

Calcined

35
Q

Process of driving free and chemically bound water out of gypsum

A

Calcination

36
Q

Gypsum board is available as

A

Regular or type X

37
Q

Regular gypsum board has no special

A

Additives to enhance its fire resistance

38
Q

Type X gypsum board contains additives to

A

Increase its fire resistance

39
Q

Gypsum includes _________ entrapped water

A

Approx 20 %

40
Q

Gypsum can be used to protect both _________ and ________ providing rating from 1-4 hours, gypsum board is used in multiple layers to Syrian higher fire resistance ratings

A

Column and beams

41
Q

Intumescent coating will char, foam , and expand ________ its original volume

A

15-30 times it’s original weight

42
Q

Intumescent coatings are applied as paint in thicknesses of

A

0.03 to 0.4 inches

43
Q

A commonly used method of protecting a steel floor or roof assembly is

A

Membrane ceiling

44
Q

______ panels are also used for membrane ceilings

A

Gypsum

45
Q

Membrane ceiling can provide a fire rating

A

1-3 hours

46
Q

The basic method by which steel is used in the design of building is the construction of

A

Structural framework that supports the floors , roof , and exterior walls

47
Q

The connection of a beam to a column transfers the

A

Loads between members

48
Q

Connections determine the ______ of the basic structure

A

Rigidity

49
Q

Beam and girder steel frames can be classified as

A

Rigid , simple, semi rigid

50
Q

Beams and columns in steel frame buildings are connected by

A

Bolting and welding ,

Riveting was used in the first half of the 20th century

51
Q

Connections between the beams and columns in a ___________ system are designed to resist the bending forces resulting from the supported loads and lateral forces

A

Rigid frame system

52
Q

The joints in a ________ are designed to primarily to support a vertical force

A

Simple frame system

53
Q

The connections of ___________ are not completely rigid but posses enough rigidity to provide some diagonal support to the structure

A

Semi rigid frame

54
Q

_________ trusses provide a structural member that can carry loads across greater spans than beams can

A

Steel

55
Q

Steel trusses are frequently used in three dimensional space frames know as

A

Delta trusses , because the cross section resemble the Greek letter delta

56
Q

Two commonly encounter applications of the basic steel truss are

A

Joist girder

Open web joist

57
Q

Joist girder are _________ used to take the place of steel beams as part of the primary structural frame

A

Heavy steel trusses

58
Q

Open web trusses are massed produced and available in depths of _________ and span up to _______

A

6 ft

144 ft

Most often found depths less than 2 ft and spans of 40 ft

59
Q

Open web truss is know as

A

Bar joist

Building Construction (6 decks)

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