Chapter 9 (Shoulder Girdle) Flashcards
T/F:
The shoulder is one of the most mobile joints but is not stable
True
What is the shoulder complex?
The shoulder girdle and shoulder joint
What bones make up the shoulder girdle?
The scapula and clavicle
What bones make up the shoulder joint?
The scapula and humerus
Name motions of the shoulder girdle
- Elevation and depression
- Protraction and retraction
- Upward and downward rotation
What are the 5 muscles of the shoulder girdle?
- Trapezius
- Levator scapulae
- Rhomboid muscles
- Serratus Anterior
- Pectoralis minor
Attaches indirectly to the rib cage. Anteriorly concave and glides over convex rib cage.
Scapula
What are some landmarks of the scapula?
- Superior angle - Inferior angle
- Vertebral Border - Axillary Border
- Spine - Acromion process
- Glenoid fossa - Coracoid Process
Name the scapular bony landmark that is found on the superior medial aspect, which provides attachment to the levator scapula.
Superior angle
This point determines scapular rotation
Inferior angle
Rhomboid and serratus anterior attach are on this part of the scapula
Vertebral Border
Middle and lower trapezius muscle attachment
Spine of scapula
Upper trapezius attachment
Acromion Process
Pectoralis minor attachment
Coracoid Process
___ is a flat bone, midline of the anterior thorax
Sternum
What are the 3 landmarks of the sternum?
- Manubrium
- Body
- Xiphoid
What is a scapular tilt?
Superior end of scapula tilts forward while the inferior end tilts posteriorly
(Occurs w/ GH hyperextension)
Where is the reference point of reference for rotation?
Inferior angle of the scapula
What is upward rotation?
inferior angle moves away from spine
Ex. shoulder flexion or abduction
What is downward rotation?
inferior angle moves toward spine
Ex. shoulder extention or adduction
T/F
Movements of the scapula is accompanied by movements of the GH joint and vice versa?
True
T/F
Impairments of one joint will also impair function at another?
True
What is scapulohumeral Rhythem?
- Describes the movement relationship between the shoulder girdle and shoulder joint.
- The first 30 degrees of shoulder joint movement is pure GH motion
- After that every 2 degrees of shoulder flexion or abduction, the scapula rotates 1 degrees
- 2:1 ratio
The ____ is the proximal attachment
Origin (moving bone)
The ____ is the distal attachment
Insertion (Non-movable)
Large superficial muscle. Diamond shape.
Trapezius muscle
T/F
The trapezius has different lines of pull with different muscle actions
True
What is the origin and insertion of the upper, middle and lower trapezius ?
O= spine I= scapula
What is the action on the upper trapezius?
A= elevates scapula, upwardly rotates
What is the action of the middle trapezius?
A= retracts scapula
What is the action of the lower trapezius?
A= scapular depression, upward rotation
What is the origin, insertion and action of the levator muscle?
O= Spine I= scapula A= Elevation, downward rotation
What is the origin, insertion and action of the rhomboid muscles?
O= spine I= scapula A= retraction, elevation, downward rotation
What is the origin, insertion and action of the serratus anterior ?
O= Rib cage I= Scapula A= protraction, upward rotation
What is a force couple?
Muscles pull in different directions to accomplish the same motion
What is the origin, insertion and action of the pectoralis major?
O= Ribs I= Scapula A= Depression, protraction, downward rotation
What muscles can retract ?
- Middle trapezius
- Rhomboids
What muscles can protract?
- Serratus anterior
- Pectoralis minor
What muscles can elevate?
- Upper trapezius
- Levator scapula
- Rhomboids
What muscles can depress?
- Lower trapezius
- pectoralis minor
What muscles upwardly rotate?
- Upper+lower trapezius
- Serratus anterior
What muscles downwardly rotate ?
- Rhomboids
- Levator scapula
- Pectoralis minor
What muscle has a scapular tilt?
-Pectoralis minor
