Chapter 9 (Shoulder Girdle)

Question 1

T/F:

The shoulder is one of the most mobile joints but is not stable

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What is the shoulder complex?

Answer 2

The shoulder girdle and shoulder joint

Question 3

What bones make up the shoulder girdle?

Answer 3

The scapula and clavicle

Question 4

What bones make up the shoulder joint?

Answer 4

The scapula and humerus

Question 5

Name motions of the shoulder girdle

Answer 5

1. Elevation and depression
2. Protraction and retraction
3. Upward and downward rotation

Question 6

What are the 5 muscles of the shoulder girdle?

Answer 6

1. Trapezius
2. Levator scapulae
3. Rhomboid muscles
4. Serratus Anterior
5. Pectoralis minor

Question 7

Attaches indirectly to the rib cage. Anteriorly concave and glides over convex rib cage.

Answer 7

Scapula

Question 8

What are some landmarks of the scapula?

Answer 8

• Superior angle - Inferior angle
• Vertebral Border - Axillary Border
• Spine - Acromion process
• Glenoid fossa - Coracoid Process

Question 9

Name the scapular bony landmark that is found on the superior medial aspect, which provides attachment to the levator scapula.

Answer 9

Superior angle

Question 10

This point determines scapular rotation

Answer 10

Inferior angle

Question 11

Rhomboid and serratus anterior attach are on this part of the scapula

Answer 11

Vertebral Border

Question 12

Middle and lower trapezius muscle attachment

Answer 12

Spine of scapula

Question 13

Upper trapezius attachment

Answer 13

Acromion Process

Question 14

Pectoralis minor attachment

Answer 14

Coracoid Process

Question 15

___ is a flat bone, midline of the anterior thorax

Answer 15

Sternum

Question 16

What are the 3 landmarks of the sternum?

Answer 16

1. Manubrium
2. Body
3. Xiphoid

Question 17

What is a scapular tilt?

Answer 17

Superior end of scapula tilts forward while the inferior end tilts posteriorly
(Occurs w/ GH hyperextension)

Question 18

Where is the reference point of reference for rotation?

Answer 18

Inferior angle of the scapula

Question 19

What is upward rotation?

Answer 19

inferior angle moves away from spine

Ex. shoulder flexion or abduction

Question 20

What is downward rotation?

Answer 20

inferior angle moves toward spine

Ex. shoulder extention or adduction

Question 21

T/F

Movements of the scapula is accompanied by movements of the GH joint and vice versa?

Answer 21

True

Question 22

T/F

Impairments of one joint will also impair function at another?

Answer 22

True

Question 23

What is scapulohumeral Rhythem?

Answer 23

• Describes the movement relationship between the shoulder girdle and shoulder joint.
• The first 30 degrees of shoulder joint movement is pure GH motion
• After that every 2 degrees of shoulder flexion or abduction, the scapula rotates 1 degrees
• 2:1 ratio

Question 24

The ____ is the proximal attachment

Answer 24

Origin (moving bone)

Question 25

The ____ is the distal attachment

Answer 25

Insertion (Non-movable)

Question 26

Large superficial muscle. Diamond shape.

Answer 26

Trapezius muscle

Question 27

T/F | The trapezius has different lines of pull with different muscle actions

Answer 27

True

Question 28

What is the origin and insertion of the upper, middle and lower trapezius ?

Answer 28

``` O= spine I= scapula ```

Question 29

What is the action on the upper trapezius?

Answer 29

A= elevates scapula, upwardly rotates

Question 30

What is the action of the middle trapezius?

Answer 30

A= retracts scapula

Question 31

What is the action of the lower trapezius?

Answer 31

A= scapular depression, upward rotation

Question 32

What is the origin, insertion and action of the levator muscle?

Answer 32

``` O= Spine I= scapula A= Elevation, downward rotation ```

Question 33

What is the origin, insertion and action of the rhomboid muscles?

Answer 33

``` O= spine I= scapula A= retraction, elevation, downward rotation ```

Question 34

What is the origin, insertion and action of the serratus anterior ?

Answer 34

``` O= Rib cage I= Scapula A= protraction, upward rotation ```

Question 35

What is a force couple?

Answer 35

Muscles pull in different directions to accomplish the same motion

Question 36

What is the origin, insertion and action of the pectoralis major?

Answer 36

``` O= Ribs I= Scapula A= Depression, protraction, downward rotation ```

Question 37

What muscles can retract ?

Answer 37

- Middle trapezius | - Rhomboids

Question 38

What muscles can protract?

Answer 38

- Serratus anterior | - Pectoralis minor

Question 39

What muscles can elevate?

Answer 39

- Upper trapezius - Levator scapula - Rhomboids

Question 40

What muscles can depress?

Answer 40

- Lower trapezius | - pectoralis minor

Question 41

What muscles upwardly rotate?

Answer 41

- Upper+lower trapezius | - Serratus anterior

Question 42

What muscles downwardly rotate ?

Answer 42

- Rhomboids - Levator scapula - Pectoralis minor

Question 43

What muscle has a scapular tilt?

Answer 43

-Pectoralis minor