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Kinesiology > Chapter 1 (Basic Info.) > Flashcards

Chapter 1 (Basic Info.) Flashcards

1
Q

What is kinsiology?

A

the study of movement

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2
Q

Define medial

A

location or position toward midline

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3
Q

Define lateral

A

location or position farther from the midline

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4
Q

Anterior (ventral)

A

front of the body

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5
Q

Posterior (dorsal)

A

back of the body

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6
Q

What is the difference of distal and proximal ?

A 
Distal= away from trunk 
Proximal = toward the trunk
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7
Q

Define superior

A

(body part that is above another) or upper surface of an organ or structure

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8
Q

Define inferior

A

(body part that is below another) or lower surface of an organ or structure

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9
Q

What does cranial and caudal mean?

A 
Cranial = head 
Caudal = tail
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10
Q

What does superficial and deep mean?

A 
Superficial = at or on surface 
Deep= far down from top of surface
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11
Q

What does it mean if a person is lying supine?

A

A person is lying on their back (the face, or anterior surface, pointed upward)

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12
Q

What is prone position?

A

Person is lying on their stomach (the face, or anterior surface, facing downward)

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13
Q

What is linear motion

A

occurs in more or less straight line from one location to another

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14
Q

What is curvilinear motion?

A

movement that occurs in a curved path

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15
Q

what is angular/rotary motion?

A

Motion type in which an object moves around a fixed point (axis)

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16
Q

What is rectilinear motion?

A

movement occurs in a straight line

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17
Q

** Osteokinematics

A

relationship of bony movement

Ex. humerus moving on scapula; You can see it happening

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18
Q

**Arthrokinematics

A

relationship of joint surface

Ex. humeral head movement w/in gleniod fossa of scapula; you can’t see it

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19
Q

Define flexion

A

bending movement of one bone on another (Brings two segments closer together)

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20
Q

Define extension

A

straightening movement of one bone away from another; increases joint angle

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21
Q

What is hyperextension?

A

continuation of extension beyond anatomical position

only w/ shoulder, neck, hip, trunk

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22
Q

what is a palmer flexion?

A

flexion of the wrist

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23
Q

what is a plantar flexion?

A

flexion of ankle

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24
Q

What is a dorsiflexion?

A

extension at wrist or ankle joints

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25
Q

What is abduction and adduction?

A 
Abduction = movement (away) from midline of body 
Adduction= movement toward midline
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26
Q

What is a circumduction movement?

A

combination of movements; circular cone shaped pattern

1) flexion, (2) abduction, (3) extension, (4) adduction

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27
Q

What is protraction?

A

mostly linear movement along plane parallel to the group/away from midline
(Ex. Reaching arms forward)

28
Q

What is retraction?

A

mostly linear movement along plane but toward the midline

Ex. Pulling arms backward

29
Q

What is anatomical position?

A

human body standing upright position, eyes facing forward, feet parallel and close together, arms at the sides of the body w/palms facing forward

30
Q

what is the fundamental position?

A

sames as anatomical except palms face the sides of the body

31
Q

Bilateral

A

two or both sides

32
Q

Contralateral

A

opposite sides

33
Q

Ipsilateral

A

same side

34
Q

shoulder horizontal abduction

A

Moving the arm perpendicular to the body and out to the side

35
Q

Shoulder horizontal adduction

A

Moving the arm perpendicular to the body and back to the midline

36
Q

Radial deviation

A

Wrist abduction with bending to the thumb side

37
Q

Ulnar deviation

A

Wrist adduction with bending to the pinky side

38
Q

Lateral bending

A

trunk moves sideways (bends)

39
Q

Rotation

A

Movement of a bone or part around a longitudinal axis

40
Q

Medial rotation

A

rotation toward midline

41
Q

Lateral Rotation

A

Rotation away from the midline

42
Q

Supination

A

Palm of hand facing forward/up

43
Q

Pronation

A

Palm of hand facing back/down

44
Q

what is inversion?

A

Moving the sole of the foot to face the midline (inward)

45
Q

what is eversion?

A

Moving the sole of the foot to face away from the midline (outward)

46
Q

what is elevation?

A

raising a part of the body such as jaw or shoulder

47
Q

What is a depression?

A

lowering part of the body such as dropping jaw or shoulder

48
Q

Define kinetics

A

those forces causing movement

49
Q

Arm = Humerus

A

between shoulder and elbow joint (upper extremity)

50
Q

forearm = (radius+ulna)

A

between elbow and wrist joint (upper extremity)

51
Q

the hand is ___ to the wrist?

A

distal (Upper extremity)

52
Q

Thigh= (femur)

A

between the hip and knee joint (lower extremity)

53
Q

Leg = (tibia+fibula)

A

between the knee and ankle joint (lower extremity)

54
Q

the foot is ___ to the ankle?

A

distal (lower extremity)

55
Q

Thorax (chest)

A

made up of ribs, sternum, mostly thoracic vertebrae (trunk)

56
Q

Abdomen (lower trunk)

A

made up of pelvis, stomach, and mostly lumbar vertebrae (trunk)

57
Q

What is the neck and head?

A 
Neck= Cervical vertebrae (separate segment) 
Head= Skull (separate segment)
58
Q

what does a ligament do?

A

attaches bone to bone

59
Q

what does a tendon do?

A

attaches muscle to bone

60
Q

define torque

A

twisting force to (an object) usually causing a rotation

61
Q

what is a rotator cuff?

A

a capsule with fused tendons that supports the arm at the shoulder joint

62
Q

What is the patella?

A

knee cap

63
Q

What is a eccentric contraction?

A

a type of active muscle contraction that occurs as the muscle fibers lengthen

64
Q

what is kinematics?

A

time, space and mass aspects of a moving system

65
Q

What is opposition?

A

movement of the thumb across the palm of the hand

Kinesiology (10 decks)

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