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PS 285A - WLU spring 2019 > Chapter 9 - Sexual Health > Flashcards

Chapter 9 - Sexual Health Flashcards

1
Q

‘the enhancement of life and personal relations’ is the definition of:

A

Sexual health by the WHO

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2
Q

The ___ is the epitome of masculinity, whereas the ___ is the epitome of female sexuality.

A

Erect penis

Clitoris

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3
Q

Men who report a larger-than-average penis have increased:

A

Confidence

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4
Q

Erectile dysfunction affects as many as ___ million men in the US

A

30 million

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5
Q

Erectile dysfunction has a 2- to 3- fold increase in prevalence for men between the ages of ___ and ___

A

40 and 70

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6
Q

66% of men rate their penis as ___
22% of men rate their penis as ___
12% of men rate their penis as ___

A

66% as average
22% as large
12% as small

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7
Q

___% of women are pleased with their partner’s penis length, but only ___% of men are pleased with their own size. ___% of men wanted a larger penis, ___% wanted a smaller penis.

A

85% of women pleased partners penis length
55% of men pleased with own penis length
45% of men wanted bigger
0.2% of men wanted smaller

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8
Q

There is an association between coronary heart disease and:

A

Erectile dysfunction

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9
Q

Erectile dysfunction may be caused by:

A
  • Diabetes
  • Hypertension
  • Limited exercise
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10
Q

The primary treatment for erectile dysfunction has been phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors such as:

A
  • Viagra (sildenafil)
  • Cialis (tadalafil)
  • Levitra (vardenafil)
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11
Q

The 4 phases of the human sexual response are:

A
  1. Desire
  2. Excitement
  3. Orgasm
  4. Resolution
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12
Q

___ is the second most frequently reported women’s sexual problem with the most frequent being ___

A
  • Female Orgasmic Disorder (FOD)

- Infertility

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13
Q

Female Orgasmic Disorder is defined as:

A

‘the persistent or recurrent delay in, or absence of, orgasm following a normal sexual excitement phase that causes marked distress or interpersonal difficulty (DSM-IV)’

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14
Q

In 2004, ___% of US women reported experiencing FOD

A

24%

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15
Q

A pharmacological approach has experienced no trials, so the treatments for anorgasmia is:

A

Cognitive Behavioural Therapy

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16
Q

There are many factors contributing to a women experiencing FOD that go well beyond the ___ model.

A

Medical model

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17
Q

The Faking Orgasm Scale for women (FOS) has two subscales which are:

A
  • the sexual intercourse subscale

- the oral sex subscale

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18
Q

In terms of sexual intercourse, the 4 main reasons given for faking an orgasm include:

A
  1. ‘altruistic deceit’ (faking orgasm out of concern for a partner’s feelings)
  2. fear and insecurity (faking orgasm to avoid negative emotions associated with the sexual experience)
  3. elevated arousal (a woman’s attempt to increase her own arousal through faking orgasm
  4. sexual adjournment (faking orgasm to end sex)
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19
Q

A 2014 Canadian study found that the most common reason given for faking an orgasm was ___, because they did not want to:

A

Altruistic Deceit

Did not want to hurt their partner’s ego

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20
Q

The oral sex subscale presents an additional reason for faking an orgasm which is:

A

‘Fear of Dysfunction’ faking orgasm to cope with concerns of being abnormal

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21
Q

Among those who complete Female Genital Mutilation, it is believed to be a way to reduce:

A

Libido and ‘illicit sexual acts’

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22
Q

Orgasm difficulties are most likely to be experienced for a women with Female Genital Mutilation if the procedure is done:

A

After a period of adolescent sexual activity

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23
Q

Female Genital Mutilation can cause pain for women during intercourse because of ___ and men because of increased ___.

A

Trauma and dryness

Dryness

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24
Q

Approximately ___ thousand 15-19 year olds in the US become pregnant each year.

A

750 thousand

25
Q

The ‘I didn’t think this would ever happen to me’ syndrome means that teenagers often do not believe:

A

That they can get pregnant if they engage in unprotected sex

26
Q

Teen pregnancy rates have significantly ___ over the last few decade in both the UK and US

A

Declined

27
Q

More than 29% of US pregnant teens reported that they felt ___ to have sex and 33% felt that they were not:

A
  • Pressured

- Not ready for a sexual relationship but went ahead with the activity because for fear of ridicule or rejection

28
Q

Teenage girls with Parents who give limited or do not give any guidance are more likely:

A

To become pregnant

29
Q

A father’s ___ is a significant predictor for risk of early sexual activity and pregnancy

A

Absence

30
Q

Around 5% of teens become pregnant because of:

A

Rape

31
Q

___% of teen pregnant teens say they were impregnated by an adult male, with 2/3 reporting that the babies’ fathers are as old as ___

A

50%

27

32
Q

About 91% of teens who did not originally plan to have sex were ___ when they conceived.

A

Drinking

33
Q

In the following 18 months of the airing of 16 and pregnant, teen pregnancies dropped by ___%

A

5.7%

34
Q

Alcohol contributes to ___% of all pregnancies for individuals between the ages of 14 and 21

A

75%

35
Q

Unsafe abortions typically occur in:

A

Developing countries

36
Q

74% of abortions in developing countries were unsafe, with ___ having a 97% rate of unsafe abortions

A

Africa

37
Q

The WHO estimates that a woman dies every eighth minute in a developing country due to:

A

Complications from an unsafe abortion

38
Q

Bacterial STI’s are curable and include (with worldwide prevalence)

A
  • Chlamydia (106 million)
  • Gonorrhoea (106 million)
  • Syphilis (11 million)
39
Q

The parasitic STI is curable and it is (with worldwide prevalence):

A
  • Trichomoniasis (276 million)
40
Q

The chronic or lifelong STI’s are viral in nature and include:

A
  • HPV
  • Herpes
  • Hepatitis B
  • HIV
41
Q

In the USA in 2016 there was an estimated ___ million STIs with ___ million new cases each year. This results in 16 billion dollars in medical costs.

A

110 million

20 million new cases

42
Q

The WHO estimates that 499 million new cases of ___ STI’s occurred in 2008 among 15 to 49 year olds globally.

A

Curable

43
Q

Self report measures of condom use are question in terms of:

A

Reliability and validity

44
Q

Young males ___-report sexual activity and females ___-report sexual activity

A

Over

Under

45
Q

17% of individuals who view internet pornography meet the criteria for:

A

Problematic sexual compulsivity

46
Q

1 in ___ girls and 1 in ___ boys is a victim of child sexual abuse

A

1 in 5

1 in 20

47
Q

20% of adult ___ and about 5-10% of adult ___ recall a childhood sexual assault or sexual abuse incident,

A

Females

Males

48
Q

___% of 14 to 17 year olds had been sexual victimized over the course of their lifetime

A

28%

49
Q

Children are more vulnerable to ___ between the ages of 7 and 13.

A

Childhood Sexual Abuse

50
Q

___% of sexually assaulted adolescents were victimized by someone they new well.

A

75%

51
Q

Young sexually abused males were 5x more likely to cause ___, 3x more likely to have ___, and 2x more likely to have ___.

A
  • Teen pregnancy
  • Multiple sexual partners
  • Unprotected sex
52
Q

Neglect and early childhood abuse are a significant predictor of ___ for females, but not for increased risk of promiscuity or teenage pregnancy.

A

Prostitution

53
Q

1 in ___ women had experienced an attempted rape or completed rape and 1 in ___ males had experienced a sexual assault.

A

1 in 6

1 in 33

54
Q

A large proportion of rape cases (nearly 1 in 10 women in the US) occur as a result of:

A

Intimate partner violence (IPV)

55
Q

For every 100 rape cases reported to law enforcement in the USA, 33 on average would be referred to ___, ___ would be charged and moved into the court system, 12 would end in a successful ___, and ___ would end in a prison sentence

A

33 referred to prosecution
16 would be charged
12 in successful conviction
7 in prison sentence

56
Q

Between ___% and ___% of victims rate the legal system as unhelpful and/or hurtful.

A

43% and 52%

57
Q

Among LGB youth in Boston, 30% reported ___ compared to 6% for heterosexual youth and 5% for ___ compared to 3% for heterosexual youth.

A

Suicidal Ideation

Self harm

58
Q

61% of Chinese LGBTQ respondents said they were afraid of being treated differently by doctors because of their ___, with ___% of respondents experiencing discrimination from healthcare workers.

A

Sexual orientation or gender identity

50%

59
Q

1 in ___ LGBTQ individuals is reported to withhold information regarding their sexual history from a healthcare provider

A

1 in 5

PS 285A - WLU spring 2019 (5 decks)

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