Chapter 8 - Theories, Models And Interventions Flashcards
The health belief model contains 4 central constructs
- Perceived susceptibility (an individual’s assessment of their
risk of getting the condition) - Perceived severity (an individual’s assessment of the
seriousness of the condition, and its potential
consequences) - Perceived barriers (an individual’s assessment of the
influences that facilitate or discourage adoption of the
promoted behaviour) - Perceived benefits (an individual’s assessment of the
positive consequences of adopting the behaviour)
According to the health belief model, the likelihood of a behaviour happening in influenced by ___, ___, and ___.
Perceived threats, perceived expectations and cues to action.
Protection motivation theory was developed by
Rogers
According to protection motivation theory, behaviour change is best achieved by
Appealing to individuals fear
Protection motivation theory proposes 2 types of appraisals and 4 constructs that influence the intention to protect oneself
Threat appraisal
-Perceived severity of a threat
-Perceived probability of occurrence or vulnerability
Coping appraisal
-Efficacy of recommended preventative behaviour
-Perceived self-efficacy
Protection motivation theory is ineffective because
Promoting response effectiveness and self-efficacy are more effective than appealing to fears
Theory of reasoned action is based on the assumption that
A person is likely to do what he or she intends to do
Theory of reasoned action says that a behaviour is influenced by an ___, which is influenced by ___ and ___.
Intention, attitudes, and norms
The theory of planned behaviour adds ___ to the theory of reasoned action.
Perceived behavioural control
Theory of reasoned action and the theory of planned behaviour were created by:
Ajzen
The theory of planned behaviour only accounted for about ___% of health behaviour.
19%
The common sense model was proposed by
Leventhal
The common sense model is also known as the
Self-regulatory model
The common sense model identifies 5 components of illness representations
Identity Cause Timeline Consequences Curability/Controllability
The information-motivation-behavioural skills model says that ____ is a prerequisite to action, motivation and developing behavioural skills
Learning of health related information
The information-motivation-behavioural skills model would say that learning how to use a condom would or would not predict using a condom during sexual behaviours?
Learning how to use a condom would predict using a condom during relations
The transtheoretical (or stages of change) model has six discrete stages of change and one additional stage. They are:
- Pre-contemplation – a person is not intending to take
action in the next six months - Contemplation – a person is intending to change in the next six months.
- Preparation – a person is intending to take action in the
next month - Action – a person is making specific overt modifications
in his/her lifestyle - Maintenance – a person is working to prevent relapse, a
stage that is estimated to last from six months to about
five years - Termination – an individual has zero temptation and
100% self-efficacy
• Relapse – an individual reverts to a previous stage
The transtheoretical model suggests that ___ is a normal part of change
Relapse
A criticism of the the transtheoretical model is
That there are discrete stages and arbitrary time periods
The model with the most support for intervention efficacy in the research is:
The transtheoretical model
The social cognitive theory was proposed by
Bandura
The social cognitive theory claims that learning about health related concerns can be done through:
social observation
The social cognitive theory emphasizes
Self-efficacy
Social cognitive theory claims 4 sources of self-efficacy:
• Performance accomplishments: past experiences of
success and failure
• Vicarious experience: witnessing others’ successes
and failures
• Verbal persuasion: being told by others that one can
or cannot competently perform a particular behaviour
• Emotional arousal: when engaging in a particular
behaviour in a specific situation.
A criticism of social cognitive theory is that
Many of the other theories already include self-efficacy as a central component with much more surrounding it
The name of the theoretical integration is called ___, which stands for ___, ___, ___, and the ___.
COM-B -Capability -Opportunity -Motivation And the: -Behaviour change wheel
The theoretical domains framework is
A process for critiquing models.
The theoretical domains framework determined that choices are constrained
Biologically, culturally, economically and environmentally
The constraints identified in the theoretical domains framework explain why other theories of health behaviour rarely explain a large part of the behaviour, this is because they focus on
The individual
The ability to act on an intention is largely impacted by
Self-efficacy and choice
“The elephant in the room” refers to the fact that
Bad results sometimes result in doing nothing or statistical manipulation
The homeostasis theory of well-being has 4 components that are constantly interacting with each other. These are
- Well-being
- Cognitive appraisals
- Emotions
- Action
A counterpoint to the homeostatic theory of well-being is that
Allostasis can sometimes change someone’s set point of well-being due to stress
A good behavioural technique has the following characteristics:
It is: -Observable -Replicable -Irreducible And contains a component of the intervention that is designed to change behaviour
