Chapter 9: Racial And Ethnic Relations Flashcards
The set of cultural characteristics that distinguishes one group from another group.
Ethnicity
People who share a common cultural background and a common sense of identity are known as
Ethnic group
Based on characteristics such as national origin, religion, language, customs, and values.
Ethnicity
Can cross racial or national boundaries
Ethnic identity
Category of people who share observable physical characteristics and whom others see as being a distinct group.
Race
group of people who because of their physical characteristics or cultural practices, are singled out and treated unequally,
Minority Group
group that possesses the ability to discriminate by virtue of its greater power, privilege, and social status in a society.
Dominant Group
member in the group is an ascribed status.
tend to practice endogamy.
Minority characteristics
the denial of equal treatment to individuals based on their group membership.
Discrimination.
upheld by law
Legal Discrimination
outgrowth of the surface of a society.
Institutionalized Discrimination
an unsupported generalization about a category of people.
Prejudice
over-simplified, exaggerated, or unfavorable generalization about a group.
stereotype
a prediction resulting in behavior that fulfills the prophecy.
Self-fulfilling prophecy
the belief that ones own race is superior.
Racism
prejudiced and openly discriminatory.
The Active Bigot
prejudiced but is afraid to discriminate because of societal pressures.
The Timid Bigot
not prejudiced but discriminates anyway because of societal pressures.
The Fair-Weather Liberal
not prejudiced and does not discriminate
The All-Weather Liberal
prejudiced people have an ___________ type.
Authoritarian personality
occurs when an innocent person or group is blamed for ones troubles.
scapegoating
a policy that allows each group within society to keep its unique cultural identity.
Cultural pluralism
the blending of culturally distinct groups into a single group with a common culture and identity.
Assimilation
a policy that physically separates a minority group from the dominant group.
Segregation
segregation is based on law
De jure
segregation is based on custom and informal norms.
De facto
a practice whereby dominance is maintained by force.
subjugation
separation of groups by transferring the minority population to a new territory.
population transfer
transfer occurs when the dominant group makes life for minorities so miserable that the leave.
indirect
transfer involves using force to move people to new territory.
direct
the goal of complete destruction of a minority group.
genocide
the combination of extermination and transferal.
ethnic cleansing
12% of the population
African Americans
brought significant gains towards equality.
Civil Rights Movement
The National Urban League
works to empower african americans
racial bias in environmental policies and practices
environmental racism
largest minority group
hispanic americans
5% of the population
asian americans
projected to be 8% of population by ______.
2050
2.9 million individuals
Native americans
today 55% of native americans are on ____________.
reservations
a social and political movement that united culturally distinct native american nations to work together on issues that affect all native americans.
Pan-Indianism
immigrants from the mainly catholic countries of ireland, italy, france, poland, and greece
white ethnics.
Discrimination mad prejudice against Jews.
Anti- Semitism
3.5 million
Arab Americans
