Chapter 9 Part 1 (Lecture) Flashcards
0
Q
Epimysium
A
- Surrounds entire skeletal muscle
- Collagen fibers
- Separates muscles from tissues/organs
- Connected to deep fascia
1
Q
Organization of muscle structures (Largest to smallest)
A
- Muscle
- Muscle Fiber
- Myofibrils
- Myofilaments
- Thick (Myosin; Club-Head) and Thin (Actin; Troponin; Tropomyosin) Filaments
2
Q
Perimysium
A
- Surrounds fascicles (bundles of muscle fibers)
- Collagen and elastic fibers
- Contains blood vessels and nerves to fascicles
3
Q
Endomysium
A
- Delicate, elastic connective tissue
- Surrounds individual skeletal muscle cells (Fibers)
- Contains:
- Capillary networks
- Satellite cells
- Nerve fibers
4
Q
Skeletal Muscle Characteristics
A
- Long, thin, multinucleate fibers
- Striations (sarcomeres)
- Voluntary control
- Arranged into packages called muscles; attach to and cover bony skeleton
- Contracts rapidly & vigorously, but tires easily
- May exert great force
5
Q
Cardiac Muscle Characteristics
A
- 1-2 nuclei
- Network of fibers; intercalated disks
- Only in heart
- Striations (sarcomeres)
- Involuntary control
- Contracts at rhythmic, steady rate (auto-rhythmic)
6
Q
Smooth Muscle Characteristics
A
- Spindle-shaped, one centrally-located nucleus (uninucleate)
- Lacks striations (no sarcomeres)
- Involuntary control
- Walls of hollow organs & blood vessels
- Slow & sustained contractions
7
Q
Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR)
A
- Network of membranous channels that surround each myofibril and run parallel to it
- Same as endoplasmic reticulum in other cells
- Has a HIGH CONCENTRATION OF CALCIUM IONS compared to sarcoplasm
- Membrane becomes more permeable to calcium ions when stimulated
8
Q
T (Transverse) Tubules
A
- Set of membranous channels that extend into sarcoplasm as invaginations continuous with sarcolemma
- Filled with extracellular fluid and extend deep into the cell
- Carries action potential to SR
9
Q
Terminal Cisternae
A
Dilated ends of sarcoplasmic reticulum
10
Q
Triads
A
Terminal Cisternae butt against T Tubule on both sides of T Tubule Triad= TC-T-TC
11
Q
Sarcomeres
A
- Length of myofibril divided into sarcomeres
- Sarcomere- functional unit of myofibril
- Z disc- separate one Sarcomere from the next sarcomere
12
Q
Sarcomere Structures
A
- Z Line
- A Band
- I Band
- H Zone
- M Line
13
Q
Functions of the Skeletal Muscles
A
- Produce Skeletal Movement
- Maintain Body Posture and Body Position
- Support Soft Tissues
- Guard Entrances and Exits
- Maintain Body Temperature
- Store Nutrient Reserves
14
Q
Sarcolemma
A
Cell Membrane