Chapter 9 Muscular System Section 1

Question 1

3 Types of Muscle Tissue

Answer 1

• skeletal
• smooth
• cardiac

Question 2

Characteristics of Skeletal muscle tissue

Answer 2

• usually attached to bones
• under conscious conditions
• striated

Question 3

Characteristics of Smooth muscle tissue

Answer 3

• walls of most viscera (covering of internal organs), bv, skin
• not under conscious control
• not striated

Question 4

Characteristics of Cardiac muscle tissue

Answer 4

• wall of heart
• not under conscious control
• striated

Question 5

The skeletal muscle is a ____ of the muscular system.

Answer 5

organ

Question 6

Skeletal Muscle is made up of (11):

Answer 6

• skeletal muscle tissue
• nervous tissue
• blood
• connective tissue
• fascia
• tendon
• aponeuroses
• epimysium
• perimysium
• fascicle
• endomysium

Question 7

What is fascia and types?

Answer 7

• dense CT that separate skeletal muscles

- types: deep, subcutaneous, subserous

Question 8

What is a tendon and its connections?

Answer 8

• dense ct that is cord-like

- connect ms to bone

Question 9

What are aponeuroses?

Answer 9

-sheetlike structure composed of dense CT

Question 10

What is epimysium?

Answer 10

-layer of CT that closely surrounds skeletal ms

Question 11

What is perimysium?

Answer 11

-CT that separates ms into fascicles

Question 12

What is a fascicle?

Answer 12

-a section of a ms

Question 13

What is endomysium?

Answer 13

-Ct that surrounds ms cells

Question 14

Skeletal muscle fibers are composed of (5):

Answer 14

• muscle
• fascicles
• muscle fibers
• myofibrils
• thick and thin filaments

Question 15

What is a sarcolemma?

Answer 15

• cell membrance of a ms cell

Question 16

What is sarcoplasm?

Answer 16

-cytoplasm of a ms cell

Question 17

What is the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

Answer 17

-a membranous network of channels and tubules within a ms fiber

Question 18

What is a transverse tubule?

Answer 18

-( T tubule) a membranous channel that extends inward from a ms fiber membrane and passes through fiber

Question 19

What is in a triad?

Answer 19

• cisterna f sarcoplasmic reticulum (2 enlarged portions of SR)
• transverse tubule- lies between 2 cisternae

Question 20

What is myofibril and its location?

Answer 20

-threadlike structures loacted in sarcoplasm

Question 21

What is key to muscle contraction?

Answer 21

-myofibril

Question 22

Myofibril is composed of:

Answer 22

• actin

- myocin

Question 23

What kind of filament is actin?

Answer 23

-thin

Question 24

What kind of filament is myosin?

Answer 24

-thick

Question 25

Organization of ____ and ____ give ____and ____ striation characteristics

Answer 25

- actin and myosin | - light and dark

Question 26

A sarcomere is________.

Answer 26

-a repeating pattern of a myofibril

Question 27

Two main parts to a sarcomere are:

Answer 27

- I bands (actin) | - A bands (myosin)

Question 28

What is the H Zone and where is it located?

Answer 28

- central region of A band that only contains myosin | - located in the sacromere

Question 29

What is the Z Line and where is it located?

Answer 29

- holds together the I Bands | - located in the sacromere

Question 30

What is the M Line and its location?

Answer 30

- located in the sacromere | - region of A band which holds myosin in place

Question 31

What is Titin and where is it?

Answer 31

- connects myosin to Z lines | - in sacromere

Question 32

Two types of myofilaments are....

Answer 32

Thick and Thin filaments

Question 33

Characteristics of thick filaments

Answer 33

- composed of myosin | - has cross-bridge for attachment

Question 34

Characteristics of thin filaments

Answer 34

- composed of actin | - associated with troponin and tropomyosin (proteins)

Question 35

Skeletal muscle contraction is a complex interaction of _____ and _____ parts which results in ______or sarcomeres.

Answer 35

cellular, chemical | shortening

Question 36

Each skeletal muscle is connected to a ______ of a _____ neuron. ( Nueron that transmits _____ from CNS to effector.)

Answer 36

axon, motor | impulses

Question 37

_______ ->__________->_____

Answer 37

Dendrite, Cell Body, Axon

Question 38

Where is a motor neuron?

Answer 38

passes outward from brain or spinal cord

Question 39

What is a motor end plate?

Answer 39

part of cell membrane area that is very folded

Question 40

What is a synapse?

Answer 40

site of a functional connection, a space

Question 41

What does the synaptic cleft do?

Answer 41

separates the neuron membrane and ms fiver membrance

Question 42

What do the synaptic vesicles do?

Answer 42

stores nerotransmitters

Question 43

What are neurotransmitters?

Answer 43

chemicals that are released to help neurons communicate with other cells at synapse

Question 44

What is the neuromuscular junction?

Answer 44

the site where the axon and muscle fiber meet

Question 45

What is in the motor unit?

Answer 45

the motor neuron and the muscle fibers it controls | -single motor neuron

Question 46

All muscle ______ are controlled by the _____ ______.

Answer 46

fibers | motor neuron

Question 47

What is the abbreviation of acetylcholine?

Answer 47

ACh

Question 48

What is acetylcholine?

Answer 48

a neurotransmitter that motor neurons use to control skeletal ms contraction

Question 49

Nerve ______ carries release of ________ form ____ vesicles.

Answer 49

impulse acetylcholine synaptic

Question 50

When _____ reaches end of the axon, some ______ release ACh into ______.

Answer 50

impulse synaptic vesicles synaptic cleft

Question 51

_____ diffuse across sc and binds to acetylcholine _____ on motor end plate.

Answer 51

ACh | receptors

Question 52

This generates a _____ _____.

Answer 52

muscle impulse

Question 53

_____ _____eventually reaches the ______ ______.

Answer 53

Muscle impulse | sarcoplasmic reticulum

Question 54

Muscle _____ cause sarcoplasmic reticulum to release _____ ions into cytosol.

Answer 54

impulse | calcium

Question 55

______ binds to ____ to change its shape.

Answer 55

Calcium | troponin

Question 56

The position of ____ is altered and binding sites on _____ are exposed.

Answer 56

tropomyosin | actin

Question 57

____ and ____ bind between the myosin cross bridges and actin.

Answer 57

Actin, mysoin

Question 58

When _____ shorten, ____ (thick) and _____ (thin) filaments slide past one another.

Answer 58

sarcomeres myosin actin

Question 59

____ and ____ get narrower.

Answer 59

H zones | I bands

Question 60

______ move closer together.

Answer 60

Z lines