Chapter 9- Motivation and Emotion Flashcards
a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior
motivation
the idea that a physiological need creates an aroused state (a drive) that motivates us to satisfy the need
drive- reduction theory
a basic bodily requirement
physiological need
a tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level
homeostasis
a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior
incentive
Maslow’s pyramid of human needs; at the base are physiological needs, these basic needs must be satisfied before higher-level safety needs, and than psychological needs, become active
hierarchy of needs
the form of sugar that circulates in the blood and provides the major source of energy for body tissues. When its level is low, we feel hunger
glucose
the point at which your “weight thermostat” is supposedly set. when your body falls below this weight, increased hunger and a lowered metabolic rate may combine to restore lost weight
set point
the body’s resting rate of energy output
basal metabolic rate
a response of the whole organism, involving (1) bodily arousal, (2) expressive behaviors, and (3) conscious experience
emotion
the theory that our experience of emotion is our awareness of our physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli
James- Lange Theory
the theory that an emotion-arousing stimulus simultaneously triggers (1) physiological responses and (2) the subjective experience of emotion
Cannon- Bard theory
Schachter and Singer’s theory that to experience emotion we must (1) be physically aroused and (2) cognitively label the arousal
two factor theory
a machine, commonly used in attempts to detect lies, that measures some bodily responses (such as changes in perspiration, heart rate, and breathing) accompanying emotion.
polygraph
the tendency of facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear, anger, or happiness
facial feedback effect
