Chapter 10- Stress, Health, and Human Flourishing Flashcards
the process by which we perceive and respond to certain events, called stressors, that we appraise as threatening or challenging
stress
an emergency response, including activity of the sympathetic nervous system, that mobilizes energy and activity for attacking or escaping a threat
fight or flight response
Selys’s concept of the body’s adaptive response to stress in three stages- alarm, resistance, exhaustion
general adaptation syndrome (GAS)
under stress, people (especially women) often provide support to others (tend) and bond with and seek support form others (befriend)
tend-and befriend response
the study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes combine to affect our immune system and health
psychoneuroimmunology
the two types of while blood cells that are part of the body’s immune system; B lymphocytes release antibodies that fight bacterial infections; T lymphocytes attack cancer cells, viruses, and foreign substances
lymphocytes
the clogging of the vessels that nourish the heart muscle; the leading cause of death in the united states and many other countries
coronary heart disease
Friedman and Rosenman’s term for competitive, hard-driving, impatient, verbally aggressive, and anger-prone people
Type A
Friedman and Rosenman’s term for easygoing, relaxed people
Type B
reducing stress using emotional, cognitive, or behavioral methods
coping
attempting to reduce stress directly- by changing the stressor or the way we interact with that stressor
problem-focused coping
attempting to reduce stress by avoiding or ignoring a stressor and attending to emotional needs related to our stress reaction
emotion-focused coping
our sense of controlling our environment rather than feeling helpless
personal control
the hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or person learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events
learned helplessness
the perception that chance or outside forces beyond our personal control determine our fate
external locus of control
the perception that we control our own fate
internal locus of control
the anticipation of positive outcomes. Optimists are people who expect the best and expect their efforts to lead to good things
Optimism
The anticipation of negative outcomes. Pessimists are people who expect the worse and doubt that their goals will be achieved
pessimism
sustained activity that increases heart and lung fitness; may also reduce depression and anxiety
aerobic exercise
attending to current experiences in a nonjudgmental and accepting manner
mindfulness meditation
the personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma
resilience
our tendency to be helpful when already in a good mood
feel-good, do-good phenomenon
self-perceived happiness or satisfaction with life. Used along with measures of objective well-being (for example, physical and economic indicators) to judge our quality of life
subjective well-being
our tendency to form judgments (of sounds, of lights, of income) relative to a neutral level defined by our past experiences
adaptation-level phenomenon
