Chapter 9 Key Terms Flashcards
Great breakthrough of the Industrial Revolution, it provided an almost limitless source of power and could be used to drive any number of machines
Steam Engine
The site of the initial technological breakthroughs of the Industrial Revolution in 18th century Britain, where multiple innovations transformed cotton textile production
British Textile Industry
British social stratum developed in the 19th century, composed of professionals like doctors, lawyers, and teachers, required in an industrial society; politically liberal, had ideas of thrift, hard work, rigid morality, and cleanliness
Middle-Class Society
A set of ideas and values that defined the ideal role of middle-class women in 19th century Europe, focused their activity on refined activities as the proper sphere for women
Ideology of Domesticity
social stratum that emerged in Britain in the 19th century, composed of service workers such as clerks, salespeople, and police officers.
Lower Middle Class
The working-class population of Britain’s industrializing society, including factory workers, miners, and other laborers.
Laboring Class
Military strongmen who seized control of governments in 19th-century Latin America and were frequently replaced.
Caudillos
A large-scale increase in Latin American exports (mainly raw materials and foodstuffs) to industrializing countries in the 19th and early 20th centuries, made possible by major improvements in shipping.
Latin American Export Boom
A long and bloody war in which Mexican reformers from the middle class joined with workers and peasants to overthrow the dictator Porfirio Díaz and create a new, more democratic political order.
Mexican Revolution
Latin America’s economic growth in the 19th century, largely financed by foreign capital and dependent on European and North American prosperity and decisions.
Dependent Development
A political party in England that emerged in the 1890s as an alternative to Marxist socialism, advocating for reform rather than revolution.
Labour Party
A relatively minor political movement in the U.S., reaching its peak in 1912 when its presidential candidate gained 6% of the vote.
Socialism In The United States
Followers of an American political movement in the early 1900s that advocated for reform measures such as wage and hour regulations in response to industrialization.
Progressives
A spontaneous rebellion in Russia after the country’s defeat in the Russo-Japanese War, which was suppressed but forced the government to make significant reforms.
Russian Revolution Of 1905
A German philosopher, economist, and political theorist who co-authored The Communist Manifesto and developed the theory of Marxism, advocating for a working-class revolution to overthrow capitalism.
Karl Marx
