Chapter 9 - Immunology: Immune System Flashcards
adenoid/o
adenoids
immun/o
protection
lymph/o
lymph
lymphaden/o
lymph node
lymphangi/o
lymph vessel
path/o
disease
phag/o
eating
splen/o
spleen
thym/o
thymus
tonsill/o
tonsils
cortic/o
cortex
cyt/o
cell
system/o
system
AIDS-related complex (ARC)
Early stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in which mild symptoms of infection are present, including lymphadenopathy, fatigue, fever, night sweats, weight loss, and diarrhea
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Later stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection when the cells of the immue system lose their ability to fight off infection; patients become unable to resist opportunistic infections such as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and Kaposi sarcoma
allergist
Physician specializing in diagnosis and treatment of allergies
allergy
Hypersensitivity to a common substance in environment (such as pollen), to food, or to medication
anaphylactic shock
Life-threatening condition resulting from severe allergic reaction causing cardiovascular and respiratory problems; may be triggered by bee stings, medications, or certain foods; also called anaphylaxis
antihistamine
Medication that blocks effects of histamine released by body during allergic reactions
antinuclear antibody titer (ANA)
Blood test that determines number of antibodies against cell nuclei present in bloodstream; elevated in autoimmune conditions
autoimmune disease
Disease resulting from body’s immune system attacking its own cells as if they were pathogens; examples include systemic lupus erythematosus and sarcoidosis
corticosteroids
Hormones produced by adrenal cortex; used as medication to treat autoimmune diseases due to their very strong anti-inflammatory peroperties
cytotoxic cells
Cells capable of physically attacking and killing pathogens or diseased cells
elephantiasis
Results from blockage of lymphatic vessels that causes extreme tissue edema
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)
Blood test for antibody to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) virus; positive results means the person has been exposed to virus
hives
Common name for appearance of wheals during allergic reaction
Hodgkin disease (HD)
Cancer of lymphatic cells found in lymph nodes; also called Hodgkin lymphoma
immunodeficiency
Having an immune system that is unable to respond properly to pathogens; also called immunocompromised
immunosuppressant
Medication to block certain actions of immune system; used to prevent rejection of transplanted organ
inflammation
Tissue response to injury; characterized by redness, pain, swelling, and feeling hot to touch
Kaposi sarcoma (KS)
Type of skin cancer often seen in patients with AIDS; consists of brownish-purple papules that begin in skin and spread to internal organs
mononucleosis (mono)
Acute viral infection of lymphoid tissue with large number of abnormal white blood cells circulating in bloodstream
non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)
Cancer of the lymphatic tissues other than Hodgkin lymphoma
opportunistic infections
Infections seen in patients with compromised immune systems
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP)
Opportunistic infection common in immunodeficient persons; caused by fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii
sarcoidosis
Autoimmune disease with fibrous lesions forming in lymph nodes, liver, skin, lungs, spleen, eyes, and small bones of hands and feet
scratch test
Type of allergy testing in which body is exposed to allergens through a light scratch in skin
severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome (SCIDS)
Genetic condition of children born with nonfunctioning immune system who often forced to live in sealed sterile rooms
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Autoimmune disease in which immune system attacks connective tissue throughout body such as in joints and skin
urticaria
Severe itching associated with hives, usually seen in allergic reactions to food, stress, or medications
vaccination
Exposure to weakened pathogen to stimulate immune response and antibody production to give future protection against full-blown disease; also called immunization
Western blot test
Blood test to detect various antibodies in bloodstream such as HIV antibodies; cloistered more precise than ELISA
