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Medical Terminology > Chapter 13 - Obstetrics and Gynecology: Female Reproductive System > Flashcards

Chapter 13 - Obstetrics and Gynecology: Female Reproductive System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

amni/o

A

amnion

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2
Q

cervic/o

A

neck, cervix

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3
Q

chori/o

A

chorion

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4
Q

colp/o

A

vagina

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5
Q

embry/o

A

embryo

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6
Q

episi/o

A

vulva

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7
Q

fet/o

A

fetus

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8
Q

gynec/o

A

woman, female

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9
Q

hyster/o

A

uterus

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10
Q

lapar/o

A

abdomen

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11
Q

mamm/o

A

breast

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12
Q

mast/o

A

breast

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13
Q

men/o

A

menses, menstruation

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14
Q

metr/o

A

uterus

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15
Q

nat/o

A

birth

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16
Q

o/o

A

egg

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17
Q

oophor/o

A

ovary

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18
Q

ovari/o

A

ovary

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19
Q

salping/o

A

fallopian tubes, uterine tubes

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20
Q

uter/o

A

uterus

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21
Q

vagin/o

A

vagina

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22
Q

carcin/o

A

cancer

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23
Q

cyst/o

A

bladder

24
Q

fibr/o

A

fibrous

25
Q

hem/o

A

blood

26
Q

olig/o

A

scanty

27
Q

pelv/o

A

pelvis

28
Q

rect/o

A

rectum

29
Q

atresia

A

Lack of normal body opening; for example, hysteratresia is closing of cervix, usually from scarring

30
Q

breast cancer

A

Malignant tumor of breast; usually forms in milk glands or lining of milk ducts

31
Q

cervical cancer

A

Malignant tumor of cervix; some cases caused by human papilloma virus (HPV), sexually transmitted virus for which there is now vaccine; regular Pap smear used for early detection

32
Q

chorionic villus sampling (CVS)

A

Removal of small piece of chorion for genetic analysis; can be done at earlier stage of pregnancy than amniocentesis

33
Q

conization

A

Surgical removal of a core of cervical tissue for biopsy

34
Q

cystocele

A

Hernia or outpouching of bladder protrudes into vagina; can cause urinary frequency and urgency and block vagina

35
Q

dilation and curettage (D&C)

A

Surgical procedure consisting of widening cervix an scraping or suctioning out endometrial lining of uterus; often performed after spontaneous abortion or to stop excessive bleeding from other causes

36
Q

ectopic pregnancy

A

Pregnancy occurring outside of uterus, usually in fallopian tubes; growing fetus will rupture fallopian tube requiring a salpingectomy

37
Q

endometriosis

A

Occurs when endometrial tissue appears throughout pelvic or abdominal cavity; causes recurring pain and scarring

38
Q

endometrial cancer

A

Cancerous tumor forms in lining of uterus

39
Q

fetal monitoring

A

Use of electronic equipment placed on mother’s abdomen or fetus’ scalp to check fetal heart rate (FHR) and fetal heart tone (FHT) during labor; normal FHR ranges from 120 to 160 beats per minute; drop in fetal heart rate indicates fetal distress

40
Q

fibrocystic breast disease

A

Benign cysts in breast tissue; not precancerous

41
Q

fibroid tumor

A

Benign tumor of fiberlike tissue; the most common type of tumor in women

42
Q

fistula

A

Abnormal passageway that develops between two structures; vesicovaginal fistula is between urinary bladder and vagina; rectovaginal fistula is between rectum and vagina

43
Q

hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)

A

Condition developing in fetus when mother’s blood type is Rh-negative and baby’s blood is RH-positive; antibodies in mother’s blood enter fetus’ bloodstream through placenta and destroy fetus’ red blood cells; causes anemia, jaundice, and enlargement of spleen; treated with intrauterine blood transfusion; also called erythroblastosis fetalis

44
Q

in vitro fertilization (IVF)

A

Infertility treatment; ova are removed from woman and fertilized by sperm externally; resulting embryos are returned to uterus for development; commonly called test tube baby

45
Q

infertility

A

Inability to produce children; generally defined as no pregnancy after properly timed intercourse for one year

46
Q

ovarian cancer

A

Cancerous tumor formed within ovary

47
Q

Papanicolaou (Pap) smear

A

Test for early detection of cervical cancer; named after developer, George Papanicolaou, a Greek physician; cells are removed from cervix by simple scraping and examined under microscope

48
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

A

Chronic or acute infection, usually bacterial, that ascends through female reproductive tract and out into pelvic cavity; can result in scarring that interferes with fertility

49
Q

placenta previa

A

Placenta forms in lower portion of uterus and blocks birth canal; can require C-section for birth

50
Q

premature birth

A

Birth of fetus before 37 weeks of gestation

51
Q

premenstral syndrome (PMS)

A

Symptoms that develop just prior to onset of menstrual period; can include irritability, headache, tender breasts and anxiety

52
Q

prolapsed uterus

A

Falled uterus that can cause cervix to protrude through vaginal opening

53
Q

rectocele

A

Protrusion or herniaction of rectum into vagina

54
Q

stillbirth (SB)

A

Birth in which viable-age fetus dies shortly before or at time of birth

55
Q

tubal ligation

A

Surgical tying off of fallopian tubes to prevent pregnancy

Medical Terminology (5 decks)

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