Chapter 11 - Gastroenterology: Digestive System Flashcards
1
Q
an/o
A
anus
2
Q
appendic/o
A
appendix
3
Q
append/o
A
appendix
4
Q
chol/e
A
bile
5
Q
cholangi/o
A
bile duct
6
Q
cholecyst/o
A
gallbladder
7
Q
choledoch/o
A
common bile duct
8
Q
col/o
A
colon
9
Q
colon/o
A
colon
10
Q
diverticul/o
A
diverticulum
11
Q
duoden/o
A
duodenum
12
Q
enter/o
A
intestine
13
Q
esophag/o
A
esophagus
14
Q
gastr/o
A
stomach
15
Q
hepat/o
A
liver
16
Q
ile/o
A
ileum
17
Q
jejun/o
A
jejunum
18
Q
lapar/o
A
abdomen
19
Q
pancreat/o
A
pancreas
20
Q
polyp/o
A
polyps
21
Q
proct/o
A
rectum and anus
22
Q
rect/o
A
rectum
23
Q
sigmoid/o
A
sigmoid colon
24
Q
hemat/o
A
blood
25
lith/o
stone
26
ascites
Accumulation of fluid in abdominal cavity
27
barium enema (BE)
X-ray examination of intestine and colon using barium as contrast medium; also known as lower GI series
28
cirrhosis
Chronic liver disease
29
Crohn disease
Chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with mucous membrane ulcers; most often found in ileum
30
dysentery
Acute intestinal condition with pain, diarrhea, and blood and mucus in stools; usually caused by bacterial or parasitic infection
31
esophageal atresia
Congenital lack of the connection between esophagus and stomach; food cannot enter stomach
32
esophageal varices
Varicose veins in esophagus; result in massive bleeding rupture
33
fecal occult blood test (FOBT)
Clinical lab test for presence of small amounts of blood in feces; also called hemoccult test or stool guaiac test
34
gastric bypass
Surgical treatment for obesity; portion of stomach is stapled off and bypassed so that it holds less food; also called stomach stapling
35
gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
Occurs when stomach acid back up into esophagus
36
Helicobacter pylori antibody test
Clinical lab test for presence of bacteria known to cause gastric ulcers
37
hemorrhoids
Varicose veins in rectum
38
ileus
Obstruction of intestine that occurs when muscular movements stop moving food or blockage prevents food from moving through digestive tract
39
intussusception
Occurs when one section of intestine slips or telescopes into another section of intestine
40
irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Disturbance in normal functioning of bowel characterized by abdominal pain and diarrhea; often associated with stress; also called spastic colon
41
jaundice
Yellow-colored skin and whites of eyes associated with liver disease
42
melena
Very dark, tarry stools due to presence of blood
43
nausea
Felling of urge to vomit
44
ova and parasites (O&P)
Clinical lab test for presence of lof parasites or their eggs in feces
45
peptic ulcer disease (PUD)
Craterlike erosion occurring on mucous membrane of lower esophagus, stomach, and/or duodenum; more dangerous if ulcer eats into blood vessel and becomes bleeding ulcer, or if ulcer eats through wall of stomach and becomes a perforated ulcer allowing stomach acids to escape into abdominal cavity
46
total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
Nutrient-complete solution given directly into bloodstream when person cannot eat by mouth
47
ulcerative colitis
Chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) characterized by formation of ulcers on mucous membrane of colon
48
upper gastrointestinal series
X-ray examination of esophagus and stomach using barium as contrast medium; also known as barium swallow
49
volvulus
Length of bowel that becomes twisted around itself
50
vomit
Forceful return of stomach contents out of mouth
