Chapter 9 - Humanistic, Existential, Positive Aspects Flashcards
what is existentialism
an area of philosophy concerned with the meaning of human existence
what is non-positivistic
the view that nothing would exist if people were not here to see it
what is being-ness
the perception of self in the world
what is conceptual construction compared to objective construction
the idea of the world is a human construction? so worlds are objective?
what is the existential approach regarding thought?
it focuses mainly on people trying to make sense of their worlds by examining people in their worlds
Camus focused on what regarding people
people’s courage to attempt to correct injustive as they perceived it
Sartre emphasized what about people
people’s ability to take responsibility for their own actions and believed we see ourselves as free actors
what is humanisim
it emphasizes personal worth of individuals and the importance of human values
what is the philosophical basis of humanism
the creative, spontaneous, active nature of humans
what is the focus of humanism
the human capacity to overcome hardships and the power to change
what is dialectical tension?
2 contradictory forces that lead to a resolution
ex. seem extroverted but actually introverted, creative people can be wise but also childish
what is self-actualization
the innate process where a person gains spiritually and realizes their potential
what are some traits self-actualized people have
a realisitc knowledge of themselves and accept themselves, can establish deep, intimate relationships
compare i-thou dialogue vs i-it monologue
i-thou dialouge is where people sees other people as a person of value but i-it monologue is where people use other people without seeing them as their own person
what is the human potential movement
people are encouraged to realize their inner potential
how is the human potential movement conducted
through small group meetings, self-disclosure, and introspection
Fromm believes love is something we _____ and nurture through the development of ____ and discipline and it requires ______ (3 things)
create; humility; knowledge, effort, and experience
Fromm predicts that people in modern society would feel what?
alienated, unloving, be susceptible to totalitarian government
what is dialectical humanism?
reconciles biologically driven sides of humans and pressures of societal structures
Rogers believes that we must do what to personally grow?
trust your experiences
what are the 2 key factors in Rogerian therapy?
- therapist is empathic, supportive, nondirective
- therapist experiences an empathetic understanding of client’s internal frame of reference
how does May view anxiety?
it is triggered by a threat to someone’s core values of existence
how does May view depersonalization?
she believes that we must struggle to have dignity
May says the only way to have no anxiety would be to have no ____
freedom
Frankl emphasized
personal choice
What is logotherapy?
the importance of choosing to find meaning in life
What is self-actualization according to Maslow?
the ability to have reacting all D-needs?
What are d-needs and what do they include?
needs that are necessary for survival
- physiological, saftey needs, belongingness/love needs, esteem needs
What are B-values?
self-actualization?
what are peak experiences
powerful experiences where people transcend the self and accept themselves
what is organismic theory?
push for development comes for inside, not outside
what does research state on happiness and wealth
happy ppl don’t care about wealth/materialistic things
what is hedonic adaptation
idea that people get accustomed to emotional stimulus and feelings fade over time
what is positive psychology concerned with
creativity, hope, wisdom, happiness
what is the american paradox
we have a lot of material things but we have social recession and psychological depression
what does Myer’s recommend to combat moral decline
altruism, fidelity, family, community, spirtuality
