Chapter 9 - Humanistic, Existential, Positive Aspects

Question 1

what is existentialism

Answer 1

an area of philosophy concerned with the meaning of human existence

Question 2

what is non-positivistic

Answer 2

the view that nothing would exist if people were not here to see it

Question 3

what is being-ness

Answer 3

the perception of self in the world

Question 4

what is conceptual construction compared to objective construction

Answer 4

the idea of the world is a human construction? so worlds are objective?

Question 5

what is the existential approach regarding thought?

Answer 5

it focuses mainly on people trying to make sense of their worlds by examining people in their worlds

Question 6

Camus focused on what regarding people

Answer 6

people’s courage to attempt to correct injustive as they perceived it

Question 7

Sartre emphasized what about people

Answer 7

people’s ability to take responsibility for their own actions and believed we see ourselves as free actors

Question 8

what is humanisim

Answer 8

it emphasizes personal worth of individuals and the importance of human values

Question 9

what is the philosophical basis of humanism

Answer 9

the creative, spontaneous, active nature of humans

Question 10

what is the focus of humanism

Answer 10

the human capacity to overcome hardships and the power to change

Question 11

what is dialectical tension?

Answer 11

2 contradictory forces that lead to a resolution
ex. seem extroverted but actually introverted, creative people can be wise but also childish

Question 12

what is self-actualization

Answer 12

the innate process where a person gains spiritually and realizes their potential

Question 13

what are some traits self-actualized people have

Answer 13

a realisitc knowledge of themselves and accept themselves, can establish deep, intimate relationships

Question 14

compare i-thou dialogue vs i-it monologue

Answer 14

i-thou dialouge is where people sees other people as a person of value but i-it monologue is where people use other people without seeing them as their own person

Question 15

what is the human potential movement

Answer 15

people are encouraged to realize their inner potential

Question 16

how is the human potential movement conducted

Answer 16

through small group meetings, self-disclosure, and introspection

Question 17

Fromm believes love is something we _____ and nurture through the development of ____ and discipline and it requires ______ (3 things)

Answer 17

create; humility; knowledge, effort, and experience

Question 18

Fromm predicts that people in modern society would feel what?

Answer 18

alienated, unloving, be susceptible to totalitarian government

Question 19

what is dialectical humanism?

Answer 19

reconciles biologically driven sides of humans and pressures of societal structures

Question 20

Rogers believes that we must do what to personally grow?

Answer 20

trust your experiences

Question 21

what are the 2 key factors in Rogerian therapy?

Answer 21

1. therapist is empathic, supportive, nondirective
2. therapist experiences an empathetic understanding of client’s internal frame of reference

Question 22

how does May view anxiety?

Answer 22

it is triggered by a threat to someone’s core values of existence

Question 23

how does May view depersonalization?

Answer 23

she believes that we must struggle to have dignity

Question 24

May says the only way to have no anxiety would be to have no ____

Answer 24

freedom

Question 25

Frankl emphasized

Answer 25

personal choice

Question 26

What is logotherapy?

Answer 26

the importance of choosing to find meaning in life

Question 27

What is self-actualization according to Maslow?

Answer 27

the ability to have reacting all D-needs?

Question 28

What are d-needs and what do they include?

Answer 28

needs that are necessary for survival
- physiological, saftey needs, belongingness/love needs, esteem needs

Question 29

What are B-values?

Answer 29

self-actualization?

Question 30

what are peak experiences

Answer 30

powerful experiences where people transcend the self and accept themselves

Question 31

what is organismic theory?

Answer 31

push for development comes for inside, not outside

Question 32

what does research state on happiness and wealth

Answer 32

happy ppl don’t care about wealth/materialistic things

Question 33

what is hedonic adaptation

Answer 33

idea that people get accustomed to emotional stimulus and feelings fade over time

Question 34

what is positive psychology concerned with

Answer 34

creativity, hope, wisdom, happiness

Question 35

what is the american paradox

Answer 35

we have a lot of material things but we have social recession and psychological depression

Question 36

what does Myer’s recommend to combat moral decline

Answer 36

altruism, fidelity, family, community, spirtuality