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PSY 3180- Personality Psychology > Chapter 3 - Psychoanalytic Aspects of Personality > Flashcards

Chapter 3 - Psychoanalytic Aspects of Personality Flashcards

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1
Q

What does the psychoanalytic approach emphasize?

A

Unconscious processes of the mind

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2
Q

What is the unconscious?

A

the portion of mind of which the person is not aware

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3
Q

What are 3 analytic techniques to access the unconscious?

A

hypnosis, free association, or dream analysis

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4
Q

What does hypnosis do?

A

liberates the outer body by unlocking inner psychological tension

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5
Q

What is free association?

A

free-flowing association of idea+feelings

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6
Q

Dreams are the what to the unconscious?

A

the royal road

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7
Q

What are the 2 parts of dreams analysis?

A

manifest content and latent content

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8
Q

What is manifest content?

A

content of a dream that a person remembers

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9
Q

What is latent content?

A

the underlying hidden meaning of a dream

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10
Q

What is the hallmark of psychoanalytic approach to personality?

A

what we see on the surface is only a partial representation of what is lying underneath

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11
Q

What is the flaw of psychoanalytic approach?

A

rarely have a control group and no comparison to evaluate the theory

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12
Q

What are the 3 parts of the mind according to psychoanalytic approach?

A

id, ego, and superego

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13
Q

The id is the ___ principle and strives to do what?

A

pleasure; satisfy it’s desires and reduce inner tension
- contains motivations and emotion

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14
Q

The ego operates on ____ and does what?

A

reality; balances id, super-ego and reality

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15
Q

The superego is the ___ principle and has ____ guidelines

A

moral; ethical

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16
Q

What are Freudian slips?

A

slip ups from unconscious urges

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17
Q

Psychosexual development is the development of the ____

A

psyche

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18
Q

What is the libido?

A

basic drive/motivation

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19
Q

What are the 5 psychosexual stages?

A

oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital

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20
Q

What is the oral stage?
conflict & fixation?

A

driven to satisfy hunger and thirst
conflict: child must give up breast feeding
fixation: on dependency

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21
Q

What is the anal stage?
conflict & fixation?

A

they get pleasure through relieving themself of bodily waste; age 2
conflict: must be “toilet trained”
fixation: on neatness

22
Q

What is the phallic stage?

A

get pleasure thru genitals; around age 4

23
Q

What is the oedipus complex and what stage does it form?

A

boy likes mother, can’t beat father so he compensates by being manly
-forms during phallic stage

24
Q

What is the electra complex?

A

girls develop feelings of inferiority and jealousy of boys

25
Q

What is castration anxiety?

A

fear that father will castrate the boy; during phallic stage

26
Q

What is latency stage?

A

psychosexual energy channeled into academic and social pursuits

27
Q

What is the genital stage?

A

ppl get satisfaction from mature sexual relationships
-achieved if they make it through the other stages

28
Q

What are defense mechanisms?

A

processes that the ego uses to distort reality to protext itself

29
Q

What are the 8 defense mechanisms?

A

repression, reaction formation, denial, projection, displacement, rationalization, regression, sublimation

30
Q

What is reaction formation?

A

hides threatening impulses by over-emphasizing their opposite
ex. homophobic ppl turn out to be part of LGBTQ

31
Q

What is sublimation?

A

dangerous urges are transformed into positive socially meaningful motivations

32
Q

What are the 4 steps in Vaillant’s Defense Theory?

A

psychotic, immature, neurotic, mature

33
Q

What is psychotic according to Vaillant?

A

similar to denial, common for young children but problematic in adults

34
Q

What is immature according to Vaillant?

A

fantasy and projection, typical for adolescents, but an issue for adults

35
Q

What is neurotic according to Vaillant?

A

displacement & intellectualization, repression, reaction formation; most common in adults

36
Q

What is mature according to Vaillant?

A

sublimation; socially unacceptable impulses in condoned manner

37
Q

What is psychobiography?

A

exploring how culture can impact personality development

38
Q

cultural anthropologists examine the idea that what can produce variations in personality?

A

variations in child-rearing across cultures

39
Q

What were some weakness of Freud?

A

very pessimistic, based off of pathology, hard to empirically study, hydraulic model of psychic energy was exaggerated, lead to psychosurgery

40
Q

What were some strengths of Freud?

A

established personality psychology, the importance of the unconscious and early childhood experiences in personality, showed mental illness could be approached scientifically

41
Q

What is the freudian theory?

A

we can experience internal arousal that we do not cog. understand

42
Q

The cornerstone of Freud’s approach is:

A

we do things from unconscious motivation, not free will

43
Q

What is hypermnesia?

A

excess memory; later attempt to remember something brings up info that wasn’t there before

44
Q

The key to uncovering memories is:

A

free association

45
Q

What is hypnotic hypermnesia?

A

enhanced memory under hypnosis; less effective

46
Q

What is signal detection theory?

A

attempt at determining the point where a signal is strong enough to notice it

47
Q

T/F: infantile amnesia is when infants don’t remember what has happened to them

A

F; when adults can’t remember much from their early years

48
Q

What is verbal learning approach?

A

learning words lists

49
Q

What is the difference between explicit memory and implicit memory?

A

explicit is recalling/recognizing something and implicit is when the person isn’t aware that remembering has occurred (ex. typing)

50
Q

What are 2 phenomena in memory?

A

it changes over time + becomes personalized and it is a blend of info from event + person’s expectations

51
Q

What is the difference between anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia?

A

anterograde - can’t form new memories
retrograde - can’t recall past events

52
Q

The analogy for psychoanalytic approach:

A

humans are a bundle of sexual and aggressive drives :D

PSY 3180- Personality Psychology (9 decks)

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