Chapter 9 GI Tract

Question 1

What is the deepest, innermost, muscosal esophageal surface that can be visualized on both endoscopic and transabdominal imaging

Answer 1

Mucosal surface

Question 2

In cases of gastritis, thinning of the mucosa in considered a precursor of what pathology

Answer 2

Gastric carcinoma

Question 3

Crohn’s disease primarily affects young adults and affects what anatomic region

Answer 3

Ileum

Question 4

What portion of the duodenum bends and courses inferiorly to the right of the pancreatic head

Answer 4

Second

Question 5

What portion of the GI tract have walls that are thicker and can nearly always be visualized sonographically in the normal patient using a transabdominal scanning approach

Answer 5

Stomach

Question 6

What carcinoma affects more men and elderly with about equal frequency in the middle and lower third of the esophagus

Answer 6

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 7

Where is the body and antrum of the stomach located relative to the gallbladder and porta hepatis

Answer 7

Medial

Question 8

Where is the body and antrum of the stomach located relative to the left hepatic lobe

Answer 8

Posterior or inferior

Question 9

Gastric carcinoma arises from what layer of the stomach

Answer 9

Mucuosa

Question 10

What portion of the duodenum includes the duodenal bulb

Answer 10

First

Question 11

What is the most common primary neoplastic lesion of the small bowel

Answer 11

Smooth muscle tumors

Question 12

In what region does inflammation usually start with ulcerative colitis that is an inflammatory disease confined to the colonic mucosa and submucosa

Answer 12

Rectal

Question 13

Fecalith or calcification found in the appendiceal lumen

Answer 13

Appendicolith

Question 14

Failure of the intestine to propel its contents due to diminished motility

Answer 14

Ileus

Question 15

An erosion in the mucosal layer of the wall of the GI tract

Answer 15

Ulcer

Question 16

Abnormal twisting of the intestines that can lead to obstruction, gangrene, perforation, and peritonitis

Answer 16

Volvulus

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a layer of the bowel wall

1) Lamina propria
2) Intima media
3) Muscularis mucosa
4) Serosa

Answer 17

2) Intima media

Question 18

What is the innermost layer of the bowel wall

Answer 18

Epithelium

Question 19

Where is the layers of the GI tract wall thickest

Answer 19

Stomach

Question 20

What should the bowel wall measure when the stomach is not distended

Answer 20

4-6 cm

Question 21

Where does inflammation start in Crohn disease

Answer 21

Submucosa

Question 22

Which of the following CANNOT cause an ileus

1) Surgery
2) Spinal fracture
3) Intussusception
4) Acute pancreatitis

Answer 22

3) Intussusception

Question 23

What is the most common benign tumor of the small bowel

Answer 23

Leiomyoma

Question 24

When performing a sonography exam what structure will help locate the appendix

Answer 24

Cecum

Question 25

What term describes to a positive sign to rebound tenderness and pain located over the area of the appendix

Answer 25

McBurney sign

Question 26

Where do the majority of colon cancers occur

Answer 26

Rectum and rectosigmoid colon

Question 27

Which part of the GI tract can be seen curving around the pancreatic head

Answer 27

Duodenum