Chapter 9 GI Tract Flashcards
What is the deepest, innermost, muscosal esophageal surface that can be visualized on both endoscopic and transabdominal imaging
Mucosal surface
In cases of gastritis, thinning of the mucosa in considered a precursor of what pathology
Gastric carcinoma
Crohn’s disease primarily affects young adults and affects what anatomic region
Ileum
What portion of the duodenum bends and courses inferiorly to the right of the pancreatic head
Second
What portion of the GI tract have walls that are thicker and can nearly always be visualized sonographically in the normal patient using a transabdominal scanning approach
Stomach
What carcinoma affects more men and elderly with about equal frequency in the middle and lower third of the esophagus
Squamous cell carcinoma
Where is the body and antrum of the stomach located relative to the gallbladder and porta hepatis
Medial
Where is the body and antrum of the stomach located relative to the left hepatic lobe
Posterior or inferior
Gastric carcinoma arises from what layer of the stomach
Mucuosa
What portion of the duodenum includes the duodenal bulb
First
What is the most common primary neoplastic lesion of the small bowel
Smooth muscle tumors
In what region does inflammation usually start with ulcerative colitis that is an inflammatory disease confined to the colonic mucosa and submucosa
Rectal
Fecalith or calcification found in the appendiceal lumen
Appendicolith
Failure of the intestine to propel its contents due to diminished motility
Ileus
An erosion in the mucosal layer of the wall of the GI tract
Ulcer
Abnormal twisting of the intestines that can lead to obstruction, gangrene, perforation, and peritonitis
Volvulus
Which of the following is NOT a layer of the bowel wall
1) Lamina propria
2) Intima media
3) Muscularis mucosa
4) Serosa
2) Intima media
What is the innermost layer of the bowel wall
Epithelium
Where is the layers of the GI tract wall thickest
Stomach
What should the bowel wall measure when the stomach is not distended
4-6 cm
Where does inflammation start in Crohn disease
Submucosa
Which of the following CANNOT cause an ileus
1) Surgery
2) Spinal fracture
3) Intussusception
4) Acute pancreatitis
3) Intussusception
What is the most common benign tumor of the small bowel
Leiomyoma
When performing a sonography exam what structure will help locate the appendix
Cecum
What term describes to a positive sign to rebound tenderness and pain located over the area of the appendix
McBurney sign
Where do the majority of colon cancers occur
Rectum and rectosigmoid colon
Which part of the GI tract can be seen curving around the pancreatic head
Duodenum
