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Abdomen and superficial structures > Chapter 7 Pancreas > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Pancreas Flashcards

1
Q

Performs exocrrine function, secreting digestive enzymes

A

Acini cells

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2
Q

Performs exocrine function, secreting glucagon

A

Alpha cells

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3
Q

Enzyme that digests carbs

A

Amylase

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4
Q

Performs endocrine function, secreting insulin

A

Beta cells

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5
Q

Performs endocrine function, secreting somatostatin

A

Delta cells

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6
Q

Secreting into blood or tissue

A

Endocrine

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7
Q

Secreting into a duct

A

Exocrine

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8
Q

Hormone secreted by the alpha cells, functions to increase activity of phosphorylase

A

Glucagon

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9
Q

Endocrine portion of the pancreas made up of alpha and beta cells that produce insulin and glucagon

A

Islets of Langerhans

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10
Q

Fat- digestive enzyme

A

Lipase

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11
Q

An abnormal cavity resembling a true cyst but not lined with epithelium

A

Pseudocyst

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12
Q

Diffuse inflammatory reaction to infection spreading along fascial pathways, producing edema

A

Phlegmon

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13
Q

Hormone secreted by delta cells, functions to regulate insulin and glucagon production

A

Somatostatin

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14
Q

What portion of the pancreas is found anterior to the IVC and posterior to the SMV

A

Uncinate process

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15
Q

What portion of the pancreas lies just anterior to the portal confluence

A

Neck

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16
Q

What congenital annomaly of the pancreas in which the head of the pancreas surrounds the duodenum, frequently causing complete or partial duodenal stenosis or atresia

A

Annular pancreas

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17
Q

What cell produces insulin

A

Beta

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18
Q

What laboratory values are used most often to diagnose pancreatic disease

A

Amylase and Lipase

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19
Q

A normal main pancreatic duct located in the pancreatic head should not exceed what measurment

A

3.5 mm

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20
Q

In the transverse view of the pancreatic head, which vessel can be seen anterior to the CBD

A

Gastroduodenal artery

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21
Q

What organ provides the best acoustic window to the pancrease

A

Left lobe of the liver

22
Q

What is the most common malignant pancreatic tumor

A

Adenocarcinoma

23
Q

Pancreatic adenocarcinomas typically occur in what portion of the pancreas

A

Head

24
Q

What is the most common islet cell tumor

A

Insulinoma

25
Q

What is the most common cystic lesion found within or near the pancreas

A

Pancreatic pseudocyst

26
Q

What 3 things does the body of the pancreas lie anterior to

A

1) Aorta
2) SMA
3) Left renal vein

27
Q

What is another name for the main pancreatic duct

A

Duct of Wirsung

28
Q

How is the head of the pancreas located to the IVC

A

Anterior

29
Q

How is the CBD located to the head of the pancreas

A

Posterolateral

30
Q

The SMA and SMV are located how to the neck of the pancreas

A

Posterior

31
Q

How is the aorta located to the body of the pancreas

A

Posterior

32
Q

Where is the celiac axis located to the pancreas

A

Superior

33
Q

Where is the SMV located in relationship to the SMA

A

to the right

34
Q

Which structure does the common bile duct join prior to terminating at the major duodenal papilla

A

Pancreatic duct

35
Q

What is the classification of an annular pancreas

A

Congenital anomaly

36
Q

What enzyme is secreted by the pancreas that is essential to the digestion and absorption of essential nutrients

A

Lipase

37
Q

What type of gland secretes its products into blood or cellular tissue

A

Endocrine

38
Q

Locating the IVC, SMV, and gastroduodenal artery helps identify what portion of the pancreas

A

Head

39
Q

What vessel courses to the patients right and is located posterior to the pancreas

A

Splenic vein

40
Q

Where is the uncinate process relative to the head of the pancreas

A

Posterior

41
Q

What pancreatic function occurs in the islets of Langerhans

A

Endocrine

42
Q

What term best describes the pancreatic hormone insulin

A

Endocrine

43
Q

In a longitudinal scan, what portion of the pancreas is located between the aorta and the SMA

A

Uncinate process

44
Q

Normally, the echogenicity of the pancreas is equal to or greater than that of which organ

A

Liver

45
Q

What is the most common cause of a pancreatic pseudocyst in an adult patient

A

Acute pancreatitis

46
Q

Neoplasms of which origin comprise the largest group of pancreatic tumors

A

Exocrine

47
Q

What is the upper normal limit for the AP diameter of the pancreatic duct in the adult patient

A

2.0 mm

48
Q

When other approaches fail, what pancreatic portion may be scanned through the left kidney on a patient in the prone position

A

Tail

49
Q

What is the name of the accessory pancreatic duct

A

Duct of Santorini

50
Q

What enzyme digests carbs

A

Amylase

Abdomen and superficial structures (11 decks)

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