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Abdomen and superficial structures > Chapter 5 the liver > Flashcards

Chapter 5 the liver Flashcards

1
Q

In which vessel does the right branch bifurcate into an anterior branch and a posterior branch

A

Portal vein

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2
Q

What structure along with the left hepatic vein separates the left hepatic lobe from the caudate lobe

A

Ligamentum Venosum Fissure

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3
Q

What separates the intrahepatic right lobe from the left lobe

A

Main lobular fissure

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4
Q

What straddles the midline, is superior to the head of the pancreas, and is anterior to the IVC

A

Caudate lobe

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5
Q

The functional or true right and left intrahepatic lobar divisions are between what structures

A

IVC and the gallbladder fossa

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6
Q

In addition to a central portal vein branch and hepatic artery, what other structure is contained in each of the 8 segments described

A

Bile duct

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7
Q

Porta hepatis (portal triad) contains the portal vein, hepatic artery, and what other structure?

A

Common hepatic duct

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8
Q

On a longitudinal image, which of the following major vessels is located to the right of midline with the cephalic portion curving ventrally

A

IVC

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9
Q

To visualize the normal or abnormal anatomical areas of the subdiaphragmatic, subhepatic, and hepatorenal spaces, the sonographer would select what anatomic scanning location

A

Subcostal

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10
Q

Which vessel supplies the liver with oxygen-rich blood

A

Portal Vein

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11
Q

MC organ on the left lateral border of the liver is often demonstrated by strong C- shaped echoes

A

Stomach

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12
Q

Which scanning plane should the sonographer initially select the best visualize the lower liver segment

A

Right anterior oblique

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13
Q

What structure can present as a thick lucent band sometimes identified anterior to the spine, IVC, or aorta

A

Crus of the diaphragm

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14
Q

What is the location of a mass detected anterior and to the left of the ligamentum vemosum

A

Left lobe

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15
Q

T is the term that describes embryonic production of blood cells

A

Hemopoiesis

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16
Q

Approx what percentage of the liver’s blood is supplied by the hepatic artery

A

25%

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17
Q

Fatty infiltrative disease has the same echo appearance as which pathology

A

Cirrhosis

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18
Q

As blood reservoir, the liver has the capacity to enlarge and store how much blood

A

200-400 mL

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19
Q

A marked increase of AST variance, greater than 1000 U/mL is clinically indicative of what pathology

A

Acute severe fulminating hepatitis

20
Q

What is most likely explanation when a 43 y/o woman is clinically jaundiced and has a marked elevated serum conjugated bilirubin level

A

Obstructive jaundice

21
Q

What are the clinical implications for a 52 y/o man with a liver sonograpy exam suggesting long standing liver disease and the presence of alpha-fetoprotein

A

Primary carcinoma

22
Q

If a malignant neoplasm appears as an anechoic mass, what is a likely explanation for this echo characteristic

A

Dilated hepatic ducts

23
Q

What is the most common primary liver malignancy in an adult

A

Hepatoma

24
Q

Severe sound attenuation is associated with which pathology

A

Cirrhosis

25
Q

Which vessels are used to delineate the right and left lobs; the right posterior and right anterior segments; and the left medial and left lateral segments

A

Hepatic veins

26
Q

Which doppler finding indicates a thrombosis following a transjuglar intrahepatic portosystemic shunt

A

Absent flow

27
Q

What area is carefully scanned on a follow-up exam on a patient with a hx of cavernous transformation

A

Porta hepatis

28
Q

What doppler signal would be expected in the portal vein of a patient with portal hypertension

A

Heptafugal flow

29
Q

What vascular tumor is composed of blood vessel cells with a nonspecific sonographic appearance

A

Hemangioma

30
Q

What imaging modality is considered noninvasive

A

Sonography

31
Q

Tumor marker frequently elevated in cases of hepatocellualr carcinoma

A

AFP

32
Q

Liver enzyme most specific to hepatocellular damage

A

ALT

33
Q

An enzyme found in all tissues but in largest amount in the liver

A

AST

34
Q

Technique uses ultrasound to asses stiffness of parenchyma

A

Elastography

35
Q

Fold in the parietal peritoneum that extends from the umbilicus to the diaphragm and contains the ligament teres

A

Falciform ligament

36
Q

Fibroeleastic connective tissue layer that surrounds the liver

A

Glisson capsule

37
Q

Blood flow away from the liver

A

Hepatofugal

38
Q

Blood flow towards the liver

A

Hepatopetal

39
Q

Remnant of ductus venosus seen as echogenic line separating caudate lobe from the left lobe

A

Ligamentum Venosum

40
Q

Remnant of the left umbilical vein

A

Ligamentum Teres

41
Q

Fissure where the portal vein and hepatic artery enter the liver and common hepatic duct exits

A

Porta Hepatis

42
Q

Anatomic variant in which right lobe is enlarged and extends inferiorly

A

Reidel lobe

43
Q

What is the normal liver length along the right surface

A

15-17 cm

44
Q

Which benign liver tumor commonly occurs in patients with glycogen storage disease

A

Adenoma

45
Q

What is recanalized paraumbilical vein typically the result of

A

Portal hypertension

Abdomen and superficial structures (11 decks)

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