Chapter 6 Gallbladder and Biliary system Flashcards
What two ducts unite to form the common bile duct before it enters the duodenum
Cystic duct and common hepatic duct
What variant presents with a kinked or folded back fundus
Phrygian cap
What is the likely cause for echoes originating from within the gallbladder with acoustic shadows
Cholelithiasis
What is a choledochal cyst
Dilated extrahepatic duct
When should the sonographer NOT be able to image a thickened gallbladder wall
Postcholecystectomy
Which 8 cm duct is located in the lesser omentum’s right free edge, passes posterior to the first duodenal part, and is distally siutated in a groove on the posterior surface of the pancreatic head
Common Bile Duct
When the patient is in the standard anatomic position, what is the course of the portal vein
Transverse
What vessel supplies the gallbladder with blood
Cystic artery
With a normally functioning gallbladder, what is stimulated by ingesting a fatty meal
Contraction
What small normal tubular structure does NOT demonstrate a doppler signal
Common bile duct
What is the best explanation if the sonogram reveals a focal area of high echogenicity with acoustic attenuation (shadowing)
Cholelithaisis
What is a diagnostic explanation for a 40 year old woman with RUQ pain, mild jaundice, and elevated alkaline phosphate
Cholelithaisis
What echogenic intraluminal projection does not change location with a change in the patients position and does not cast an acoustic shadow
Polyp
Acute cholecystitis is most likely to occur secondary to which entity
Calculi impaction in the cystic duct
What is the normal gallbladder wall thickness measured parallel to the sound beam adjacent to the liver
1-3 mm
If the patient has a known history of porcelain gallbladder, what will the sonographer observe
Varying amounts of calcification in the gallbladder wall
What symptom describes tenderness over the gallbladder with probe pressure
Murphys sign
What condition describes acute or chronic inflammation of the gallbladder
Cholecystitis
What anatomic structure is located lateral and to the left of the common bile duct
Hepatic Artery
Inflammation of the bile duct
Cholangitis
Surgical removal of the gallbladder
Cholecystectomy
Hormone which stimulates gallbladder contraction
Cholecystokinin
Calculi located within the bile duct
Choledocholithaisis
Air within the bile ducts
Pneumobilia
Fold within the neck or body of the gallbladder
Juctional fold
What is the upper limit of normal for the measurement of the gallbladder wall
3 mm
What is the normal measurement for an intrahepatic bile duct
less than 2 mm
What anatomical landmark can help locate a gallbladder that is difficult to visualize
Main lobar fissure
What is the most common malignancy to metastasize of the gallbladder
Melanoma
With a distal obstruction such as a mass in the head of the pancreas, which part of the biliary tree is the first to dilate
Gallbladder
