Chapter 9 - Gender Dysphoria, Paraphilic Disorders, And Sexual Dysfunctions

Question 1

Gender dysphoria

Answer 1

Disorder in which an individual believe that her or his anatomical gender is inconsistent with her or his psychological sense of being female or male (transgender is an umbrella term)

Question 2

Paraphilic Disorders

Answer 2

Sexual deviations or types of sexual disorders in which a person experiences recurrent sexual urges and sexually arousing fantasies involving:

• nonhuman objects (articles of clothing)
• inappropriate or non-consenting partners (children)
• situations producing humiliation or pain to oneself or one’s partner

The person has either acted upon these urges or is strongly distressed by them

Question 3

Types of paraphilic disorders

Answer 3

• Exhibition disorder
• fetishistic disorder
• transvestic disorder
• vogeuristic disorder
• frotteuristic disorder
• pedophilic disorder
• sexual masochism disorder
• sexual sadism disorder
• others:

Question 4

Exhibitionistic disorder

Answer 4

Type of paraphilic disorder (almost exclusively occurring in males) where the man experiences persistent and recurrent sexual urges and sexually arousing fantastically involving the exposure of his genitals to a stranger and either has acted on these urges or feels strongly distressed by them

Usually have no interest in actual sexual contact with their victims
Intended to shock, surprise or arouse victims

Question 5

Fetishistic disorder

Answer 5

Type of paraphilic disorder in which a person uses an inanimate object or body part (partialism) as a focus of sexual interest and as a source of arousal

Question 6

Transvestic disorder

Answer 6

Type of paraphilic disorder in heterosexual males characterized by recurrent sexual urges and sexually arousing fantasies involving dressing in female clothing, in which the person has either acted on these urges or is strongly distressed by them (transvestism)

That is - cross dressing for sexual arousal not because they identify as a woman (gender identity disorder/transsexualism)

Question 7

Voyeuristic disorder

Answer 7

Type of paraphilic disorder characterized by recurrent sexual urges and sexually arousing fantasies involving the act of watching unsuspecting others who are naked, in the act of undressing, or engaging in sexual activity, in which the person has either acted on these urges or is strongly distressed by them

Question 8

Frotteuristic disorder

Answer 8

Type of paraphilic disorder characterized by recurrent sexual urges or sexually arousing fantasies involving bumping and rubbing against no consenting victims for sexual gratification. The person either acted on these urges or is strongly distressed by them

Question 9

Pedophilic disorder

Answer 9

Type of paraphilic disorder involving sexual attraction to and sexual activity with prepubescent children

Question 10

Gender identity

Answer 10

One’s psychological sense of being female or being male

Question 11

Sexual masochism disorder

Answer 11

Type of paraphilic disorder characterized by sexual urges and sexually arousing fantasies involving receiving humiliation or pain, in which the person has either acted on these urges or is strongly distressed by them

Question 12

Hypoxyphilia

Answer 12

Paraphilic disorder in which a person seeks sexual gratification. By being deprived of oxygen by means of using a noose, plastic bag, chemical, or pressure on the chest

Question 13

Sexual sadism disorder

Answer 13

Types of paraphilic disorder or sexual deviation characterized by recurrent sexual urges and sexually arousing fantasies involving inflicting humiliation or physical pain on sex partners, in which the person has either acted on these urges or is strongly distressed by them

Question 14

Sadomasochism

Answer 14

Sexual activities between partners involving the attainment of gratification by means of inflicting and receiving pain and humiliation

Question 15

Sexual assault (plus three levels of sexual assault)

Answer 15

Nonconsensual bodily contact for a sexual purpose

Level 1 - non consensual bodily contain for sexual purpose
Level 2 - “ with weapon used to threaten or injure victim
Level 3 - “ in which victim is maimed or disfigured or has their life endangered

Question 16

Aggravated sexual assault

Answer 16

Sexual assault in which the victim is maimed or disfigured or has his or her life endangered

Question 17

Bondage

Answer 17

Form of sadomasochism involving the binding of the arms or legs of oneself or one’s partner during sexual activity

Question 18

Sexual dysfunctions

Answer 18

Psychological disorders involving persistent difficulties with sexual interest, arouse, or response (i.e. Sexual interest/desire disorder, orgasm disorder, Genito-pelvic pain/penetration disorder)

Question 19

Sexual interest/ desire disorder

Answer 19

Persistent or recurrent lack of sexual interest or sexual fantasies (i.e. Female sexual interest/desire disorder, male erectile disorder)

Question 20

Female sexual interest/arousal disorder

Answer 20

Types of sexual dysfunction in women involving difficulties becoming sexually aroused, as defined by a lack of vaginal lubrication to complete the sexual act or lack of sexual excitement or pleasure during sexual activity

Question 21

Male erectile disorder

Answer 21

Sexual dysfunction in males characterized by difficulty in achieving or maintaining erection during sexual activity

Question 22

Female orgasmic disorder

Answer 22

Types of sexual dysfunction in women involving difficulties achieving Orgasm

Question 23

Delayed ejaculation

Answer 23

Type of sexual dysfunction in men involving persistent difficulties achieving orgasm

Question 24

Premature ejaculation

Answer 24

Type of sexual dysfunction involving a persistent or recurrent pattern of ejaculation occurring during sexual activity at a point before the man desires it

Question 25

Performance anxiety

Answer 25

Fear relating to the threat of failing to perform adequately (often involves individuals becoming spectators during sex rather than performers)

Question 26

Sensate focus exercises

Answer 26

In sex therapy, mutual pleasuring activities between partners taking turns giving and receiving physical pleasure

Question 27

Self-spectatoring

Answer 27

Tendency to observe one’s behaviours as if one were a spectator of oneself. People with sexual dysfunctions often become self-spectators in the sense of focusing their attention during sexual activity on response of their sex organs rather than their partners or the sexual stimulation itself

Question 28

Gender dysphoria according to the Psychodynamic Perspective

Answer 28

Overly close mother-son relationships, parents with empty relationships, and detached fathers lead to over-identifying with opposite-sex parent

Question 29

Gender dysphoria according to the learning perspective

Answer 29

For boys, unavailability of strong male role model; socialization patterns in families where parents wanted child of other gender

Question 30

Gender dysphoria according to the biological perspective

Answer 30

Interaction in utero between the developing brain and release of sex hormones

Side note: SSRIs and SSNIs (anti-depressants) decrease sex drive