Chapter 9 France Flashcards
What French wine region was greatly impacted by the 12th century marriage of Eleanor of Aquitaine to Henry II?
Bordeaux
Which French wine region, situated on the border with Germany, has a history of alternating between French and German control?
Alsace
What term is used to refer to the elevated region located in the central portion of France?
The Massif Central
What is the most widely planted white wine grape variety in France?
Ugni Blanc (Trebbiano)
What is the most widely planted red wine grape variety in France?
Merlot
What term is used for a basic French table wine made using 100% French grapes?
Vin de France
How many regional vin de pays categories are there currently in France?
Seven
The most widely planted red grape variety in the area of Entre-Deux-Mers
Merlot
A St.-Émilion Grand Cru Classé-Category “A” property
Chateau Cheval Blanc
The grape variety that forms the basis for most dry white Bordeaux wines
Sauvignon Blanc
A property whose ranking on the Bordeaux classification of 1855 was changed in 1973
Chateau Mouton Rothschild
Term that represents the Bordeaux tradition of selling wine in futures
En primeur
A superior first growth for sweet Bordeaux
Chateau d’Yquem
The grape variety that generally forms the basis for sweet Bordeaux wines such as Sauternes
Semillon
The river that flows past the city of Bordeaux and forms the border between Graves and Entre-Deux-Mers
Garonne
A minor white grape variety of Bordeaux
Muscadelle
The third most widely planted red grape variety in Bordeaux
Cabernet Franc
The river that flows past the city of Libourne
Dordogne
The leading red grape variety of the Left Bank
Cabernet Sauvignon
The only Château from Graves that was rated premier crew in the 1855 Classification of red wines
Château Haut-Brion
A minor red grape of Bordeaux
Malbec
An estuary that flows through the region of Bordeaux out to the Atlantic
Gironde
Left Bank, Right Bank, or Entre-Deux-Mers?
The city of Bordeaux
Left Bank
Left Bank, Right Bank, or Entre-Deux-Mers?
Graves
Left Bank
St.-Julien
Left Bank
Fronsac
Left bank, right bank, or entre-deux-mers
Right Bank
Graves de Vayres
Entre-Deux-Mers
Pauillac
Left bank, right bank, or entre-deux-mers
Left Bank
St.-Estèphe
Left Bank
St.-Émilion
Right Bank
Pessac-Léognan
Left Bank
The Libournais
Right Bank
The Médoc
Left Bank
Pomerol
Right Bank
Castillon-Côtes de Bordeaux
Left bank,right bank or entre-deux-mers?
Right Bank
Loupiac
Entre-Deux-Mers
What is the main white grape variety of Reuilly?
Sauvignon Blanc
What is the main white grape variety of Savennières?
Chenin Blanc
What is the main white grape variety of Muscadet?
Melon de Bourgogne
What is the main white grape variety of Quincy?
Sauvignon Blanc
What is the main white grape variety of Vouvray?
Chenin Blanc
What is the main white grape variety of Menetou-Salon?
Sauvignon Blanc
What is the main white grape variety of Quarts-de-Chaume?
Chenin Blanc
What is the main white grape variety of Sancerre?
Sauvignon Blanc
What is the main white grape variety of Montlouis-sur-Loire?
Chenin Blanc
What is the main white grape variety of Pays Nantais?
Melon de Bourgogne
What is the main white grape variety of Pouilly-Fumé?
Sauvignon Blanc
What is the main white grape variety of Bonnezeaux?
Chenin Blanc
What name is often used in the Pays Nantais for the Pinot Gris grape variety?
Malvoisie
What winemaking procedure is often used in the Pays Nantais to make the Melon de Bourgogne-based wines taste richer and more complex?
Sur lie aging
What is the main grape variety used in the red wines of Chinon?
Cabernet Franc
What is the main grape variety used in the red wines of Sancerre?
Pinot Noir
What marketing term is often used for the sparkling wines of the Loire?
Crémant de Loire
Name three Anjou wines that are known for sweet white wines.
Coteaux du Layon AOC, Bonnezeaux, Quarts de Chaume
What wine is the first (and only) grand cru of the Loire?
Quarts de Chaume
Put the following wines in order of typical sweetness, from driest to sweetest: Rosé d’Anjou, Cabernet d’Anjou, Rosé de Loire.
Rosé de Loire, Rosé d’Anjou, Cabernet d’Anjou
What Loire Valley white wine is often called “the most cerebral wine in the world”?
Savennieres
What is another name for Pineau de la Loire?
Chenin Blanc
What grape variety goes by the name Côt?
Malbec
What grape variety goes by the name Breton?
Cabernet Franc
What are the three leading red wine appellations of Touraine?
Chinon, Bourgueil, St.-NIcolas-de-Bourgueil
Name the five main zones that make up the Champagne appellation.
Montagne de Reims, Valée de la Marne, Côte des Blancs, Côte de Sézanne, Côte des Bar
What is the name of the chalky soil that underlies much of the Côte des Bar?
Kimmeridgian Marl (sometimes called Kimmeridgian Clay)
Name the three main grape varieties grown in the Champagne region:
Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Pinot Munier
Name the four minor grape varieties grown in the Champagne region:
Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris, Petit Meslier, Arbane
What term is used to describe the juice used in the highest-quality sparkling wines?
Cuvée
What term is used to describe the juice (often used in demi-sec and extra-dry sparkling wines) from the second set of pressings?
Taille
What term is used to describe the remaining juice that may be used to produce still wines or other products?
Rebêche
What is the French term for vintage Champagne?
Millésime
What term may be found on the label of a grower Champagne?
RM (Récoltant-Manipulant)
What types of wine are produced in the Coteaux Champenois AOC?
Still wines in red, white, or rose
What AOC covers rosé wines produced in the far south end of the Champagne region?
Rosé des Riceys
True or False
Alsace is located across the Rhine River from the German wine region of Baden and south of the Pfalz.
True
True or False
Alsace is primarily white grape territory, with Pinot Noir and Cabernet Franc being the only red grape varieties permitted in the AOC wines of the region.
False, Cabernet Franc is not permitted
True or False
There are four types of appellations in Alsace: Alsace AOC, Alsace Premier Cru AOC, Alsace Grand Cru AOC, and Crémant d’Alsace.
False, there are only three. Alsace Premier Cru AOC does not exist.
True or False
The Klevener grape variety is allowed for use in Alsace AOC wines, but it may only be grown in selected areas.
True
True or False
Chasselas, Auxerrois, and Pinot Gris are all permitted grape varieties for use in Alsace AOC wines.
True
True or False
There are presently 65 grand cru vineyards in Alsace.
False, 51 grand cru vineyards
True or False
Gewurtztraminer, Muscat, Pinot Gris, and Riesling are considered to be the four “noble grapes” of Alsace.
True
True or False
The majority of the Alsace Grand Cru vineyards are located in the Bas-Rhin area.
False, they are located in the Haut-Rhin area
True or False
Due to the rain shadow of the Vosges Mountains, Alsace is one of the driest parts of France.
True
True or False
Pinot Noir, Pinot Griș, and Pinot Blanc are all allowed to be grown in the Alsace AOC.
True
True or False
Crémant d’Alsace accounts for approximately 45% of all wine produced in Alsace.
False, approximately 23%
True or False
Blended wines are not common in Alsace, but they are permitted to be labeled using the term Edelzwicker.
True
True or False
The term Gentil may be used on the label of a blended wine from Alsace provided the wine contains a minimum of 50% noble grapes.
True
True or False
A wine from Alsace labeled with the term Vendage Tardive must be produced as an ultra-sweet wine.
False, these wines can be done in a dry style and in a sweet style either affected by botrytis or not.
True or False
A Pinot d’Alsace wine may be produced using Pinot Noir grapes, but it must be vinified as white wine.
True
What type of soil is so important to Burgundy?
Limestone
True or false
Limestone soils are less prevalent in the Côte d’Or than they are more south in the Côte Chalonnaise and Maconnais.
False, the limestone soils are less prevalent down south and more abundant in the Côte d’Or.
Number of acres in the Chablis Grand Cru Vineyard
254
Percentage of Côte de Nuits production that is Pinot Noir
90%
Approximate number of miles from Chablis to the Côte d’Or
80
Number of grand cru vineyards in the Côte de Nuits
24
Percentage of Burgundy’s annual output that is Chardonnay
60%
Number of sub–appellations in the (regional) Bourgogne AOC
14
Number of grand cru vineyards in the Côte d’Or
32
Total number of Burgundy grand cru vineyards
33
Number of principal premier crew vineyards in Chablis
17
Number of grand cru vineyards in the Côte de Beaune
8
Number of hectares in the Chablis Grand Cru vineyard
103
Approximate number of kilometers from Chablis to the Côte d’Or
129
Number of grand cru vineyards in the Côte de Beaune that produce white wine only
7
Minor red grape variety of Burgundy; grown primarily in the Mâconnais
Gamay
Area located in the northern end of the Côte d’Or
Côte de Nuits
Term used in Burgundy to refer to officially designated small plots of land
Climat
The largest communal AOC located in the Côte Challonaise
Mercurey
Commune appellation located in the Côte de Nuits
Marsannay
White grape variety used in the wines of the Bouzeron AOC
Aligoté
Area located on the southern end of the Côte d’Or
Côte de Beaune
Grape variety used in Pouilly-Fuissé and St.-Véran
Chardonnay
Highest ranking awarded to designated vineyards in Burgundy
Grand Cru
Grand cru vineyard with over 80 individual owners
Clos de Vougeot
The only grand cru vineyard located in the Côte de Beaune that produces both red and white wine
Corton
The main grape variety of the Côte de Nuits
Pinot Noir
Second highest ranking awarded to designated vineyards in Burgundy
Premier Cru
Grand cru vineyard in the Côte de Beaune that produces white wine only
Montrachet
Grand cru vineyard located in the commune of Vosne-Romanée
La Tâche
True or false?
Two grand cru vineyards are located in the Côte Chalonnaise
False, there are none
True or false?
Due to the influence of the French revolution and the Napoleonic code, many vineyards in Burgundy have multiple owners.
True
True or false?
The Mâconnais lies directly north of Beaujolais
True
True or false?
Only 10% of the total production of the Côte de Beaune is red wine.
False, about 1/2 is
True or false?
The name of the commune is generally listed first on the label of a Burgundy Premier Cru
True
True or false?
The Mâcon-Villages AOC appellation is only designated for white wine
True
True or false?
Burgundy is larger in area and produces more wine than Bordeaux.
False, 1/4 acreage as Bordeaux
True or false?
The weather in Chablis, with cold winters and cool summers, often makes it difficult to fully ripe and grapes.
True
True or false?
Burgundy grand crus often use the term “1er Cru” on the label.
False, that’s on premier cru labels
True or false?
Santenay Is the largest communal AOC in the Côte Challonaise.
False, Mercurey is
True or false?
Négociant trade represents about 3/4 of Burgundies annual wine output.
True
True or false?
Chardonnay is the only grape variety permitted to be used in Chablis.
True
True or false?
All of the grand cru vineyards in the Côte de Nuits make red wine exclusively, with the exception of Musigny, which also produces a small amount of white.
True
True or false?
Fourchaume is a well-known Chablis Premier Cru vineyard
True
True or false?
While primarily known for dry, still wines, Burgundy also produces a small amount of sparkling wine.
True
True or false?
Sauvignon Blanc is not approved for use in any of the AOC wines of Burgundy.
False, Saint-Bris AOC uses Sauvignon Blanc and Sauvignon Gris
State the commune(s) where the Burgundy Grand Cru vineyard is located and whether it produces red or white (or both)
Montrachet
Puligny-Montrachet and Chassagne-Montrachet ; White
State the commune(s) where the Burgundy Grand Cru vineyard is located and whether it produces red or white (or both)
La Grande Rue
Vosne-Romanée ; Red
State the commune(s) where the Burgundy Grand Cru vineyard is located and whether it produces red or white (or both)
Bonnes Mares
Morey-St.-Denis and Chambolle-Musigny ; Red
State the commune(s) where the Burgundy Grand Cru vineyard is located and whether it produces red or white (or both)
Romanée-Conti
Vosne-Romanée ; Red
State the commune(s) where the Burgundy Grand Cru vineyard is located and whether it produces red or white (or both)
Clos de la Roche
Morey-St.-Denis ; Red
State the commune(s) where the Burgundy Grand Cru vineyard is located and whether it produces red or white (or both)
Corton
Pernand-Vergelesses, Ladoix-Serrigny, and Aloxe-Corton ; Red and white
State the commune(s) where the Burgundy Grand Cru vineyard is located and whether it produces red or white (or both)
Musigny
Chambolle-Musigny ; Red and white
State the commune(s) where the Burgundy Grand Cru vineyard is located and whether it produces red or white (or both)
Richebourg
Vosne-Romanée ; Red
State the commune(s) where the Burgundy Grand Cru vineyard is located and whether it produces red or white (or both)
Échezeaux
Vosne-Romanée ; Red
State the commune(s) where the Burgundy Grand Cru vineyard is located and whether it produces red or white (or both)
Corton-Charlemagne
Ladoix-Serrigny, Aloxe-Corton, and Pernand-Vergelesses ; White
State the commune(s) where the Burgundy Grand Cru vineyard is located and whether it produces red or white (or both)
Clos de Vougeot
Vougeot ; Red
State the commune(s) where the Burgundy Grand Cru vineyard is located and whether it produces red or white (or both)
La Tâche
Vosne-Romanée ; Red
State the commune(s) where the Burgundy Grand Cru vineyard is located and whether it produces red or white (or both)
Chambertin
Gevrey-Chambertin ; Red
Name the 10 Beaujolais Crus from North to South
Saint Amour, Juliénas, Chénas, Moulin-à-Vent, Fleurie, Chiroubles, Morgon, Régnié, Brouilly, Côte de Brouilly
The northern portion of the Beaujolais AOC is known for its_____________ soils, which have proven ideal for the ____________ grape variety.
granite ; Gamay
The Beaujolais AOC is located to the West of the ___________ River.
Saône
Some styles of Beaujolais have bright red and tropical fruit flavors, which may be the result of the _____________ fermentation process that is often used in the region.
carbonic maceration
The boundaries of the Beaujolais region actually overlap slightly with those of the _______________ region.
Mâconnais
Beaujolais nouveau is released every year on the third __________ of _____________.
Thursday ; November
While the majority of the grapes grown in Beaujolais are Gamay, other grapes planted in the region include:
Chardonnay, Aligoté, Pinot Noir, Melon de Bourgogne, Pinot Gris
There are a total of _________ villages in Beaujolais that are allowed to produce wines labeled with the term “Beaujolais-Villages AOC”.
38
Name the three Beaujolais crus that are known for producing lighter styles of the wine:
Chiroubles, Fleurie, St.-Amour
Name the four Beaujolais crus that are known for producing medium- to fuller-bodied styles of the wine:
Brouilly, Cote de Brouilly, Juliénas, Régnié
Name the three Beaujolais crus that are known for creating age-worthy styles of the wine:
Chénas, Moulin-à-Vent, Morgon
The dominant white grape variety of the southern Rhône
Grenache Blanc
Small AOC located within the larger Condrieu AOC
Château Grillet
Region known for producing red vin doux naturel based on Grenache
Rasteau
A round stone that covers the ground in some parts of the Rhone Valley
Galet
White grape variety used to make sparkling wines with the Méthode Ancestrale Dioise.
Clairette
An AOC in the northern Rhône that requires wines to be 100% Syrah
Cornas
The strong, cold wind of the Rhône and surrounding regions
Mistral
One of the larger AOCs of the Northern Rhône Valley
St.-Joseph
A white grape variety that is used in small amounts in the red wines of Hermitage and some of the surrounding areas.
Marsanne
An AOC in the southern Rhône that produces rosé exclusively
Tavel
The main red grape variety of the northern Rhône
Syrah
The northernmost appellation in the Northern Rhône valley
Côte Rotie
The grape variety used in Condrieu
Viognier
The main red grape variety of the southern Rhône
Grenache
AOC in southwest France that produces red wines based on the Malbec grape variety
Cahors
Large AOC within Provence, well-known for rosé production
Côtes de Provence
White grape variety grown in southwest France
Arrufiac
AOC in Provence known for deep reds and hearty rosés based on the Mourvèdre grape variety
Bandol
Area in the Languedoc-Roussillon known for sparkling wines
Limoux
Red grape variety grown in southwest France
Fer Servadou
AOC in the Languedoc approved in July 2014
Terrasses du Larzac
The largest AOC of the Langudoc-Roussillon in terms of production
Corbières
AOC in southwest France that produces red wines based on the Tannat grape variety
Madiran
AOC located just to the north of the Corbières AOC
Minervois
Sub-appellation of the Côtes de Provence AOC
Sainte-Victoire
Area in the Roussillon known for fortified wines made with the Muscat grape variety
Rivesaltes
White grape variety used in the Vin de Corse AOC
Vermentino
Red grape variety (otherwise known as Sangiovese) used in the Vin de Corse AOC
Nielluccio
