Chapter 9 final exam questions Flashcards
________ is/are a system that relates sounds (or gestures) to meaning
Language
Which of the following is one of the ways in which language differs from simple
communication?
Language has arbitrary units
The sounds of a language are referred to as
Phonology
The term semantics refers to
The study of words and their meanings
Syntax refers to
Rules that specify how words are combined to form sentences
________ is the study of how people use language to communicate effectively
Pragmatics
When using ________, adults speak slowly and with exaggerated changes in pitch and
loudness
Infant directed speech
The production of syllables that contain vowels and consonants is called
Babbling
As children develop the ability to use symbols, they begin to talk and
Begin to use gestures
Many children experience a naming explosion at
18 months of age
A child’s ability to make connections between new words and referents so rapidly that he or she
cannot be considering all possible meanings for the new word is referred to as
Fast mapping
When young children are learning new words, they
Require many presentations of the new word to learn the correct referent
Defining a word too narrowly is known as
An overextension
When children make the mistake of defining a word too broadly, it is referred to as
Overextension
Overextensions
Occur more often when children are producing words than when they are
comprehending words
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding the influence of the environment on
language development?
Questioning children while reading to them forces them to identify the meanings of new
words
Which of the following is positively related to the size of a child’s vocabulary?
Reading written material
________ refers to using only words directly relevant to meaning
Telegraphic speech
________ occurs when children apply rules to words that are exceptions to the rule
Overregularization
Children’s first questions
are formed by attaching a wh- word to the beginning of the sentence without the required auxiliary verb
Which would occur first in language development?
Behaviourist learning theorists propose that
Language is learned through imitation and reinforcement
Which of the following statements reflects how children acquire grammar (according to the
linguistic view)?
Humans seem to be innately prepared to process language and learn grammar
Which of the following statements about language development is TRUE?
Noel believes that children master grammar in the context of interactions with adults in which
both parties want improved communication. Noel’s beliefs fit best with the
Social interaction approach
