Chapter 9 exam

Question 1

_________________ are studies involving 2+ measured variables

Answer 1

Multivariate designs

Question 2

Longitudinal designs help address _______________________.

Answer 2

Temporal precedence

Question 3

Multiple regression analyses help address
____________________.

Answer 3

Internal validity

Question 4

Pattern and parsimony can help establish ____________________.

Answer 4

Causation

Question 5

____________________ are studies that measure variables over time

Answer 5

Longitudinal designs

Question 6

________________ test whether two variables measured at the
the same point in time are correlated

Answer 6

Cross-sectional designs

Question 7

Cross-sectional designs do not provide information regarding ________________________.

Answer 7

Temporal precedence

Question 8

_____________________ are the correlation of each variable with itself across
time

Answer 8

Autocorrelations

Question 9

_________________ designs are correlations of the degree to which an earlier
measure of one variable is associated with a later
measure of the other variable

Answer 9

Cross-lag

Question 10

Multivariate designs allow us to _______________ for other
factors that might influence the association of
interest

Answer 10

Control

Question 11

___________________ is a statistical analysis that can help rule out
potential third variables, by assessing the
relation of interest while controlling for
suspected third variables

Answer 11

Multiple regression

Question 12

___________________ is used when analyzing 3+ variables

Answer 12

Multiple regression

Question 13

Larger ____________________ values are indicative of stronger
associations

Answer 13

beta (β)

Question 14

Causation is not easily established in _______________________________
designs

Answer 14

Multiple regression

Question 15

_____________________ is the degree to which a scientific theory provides
the simplest explanation of a pattern

Answer 15

Parsimony

Question 16

__________________ are variables that help explain the relation
between two other variables

Answer 16

Mediators (mediating variables)

Question 17

___________________ impact both variables, leading to a
relation between them

Answer 17

Third variables

Question 18

What are the similarities between Mediators vs. Third variables?

Answer 18

– Both involve multivariate research designs.
– Both can be detected using multiple
regression.

Question 19

What are the differences between Mediators vs. Third variables?

Answer 19

– Third variables are external to the bivariate
correlation (problematic).
– Mediators are internal to the causal
variable (not problematic).

Question 20

The ______________________ variable comes between the two
original variables

Answer 20

Mediating

Question 21

A ____________________ is a new variable that changes the original relation
between two variables.

Answer 21

Moderator

Question 22

Once you consider the _______________ variable, your relation goes
away.

Answer 22

Third

Question 23

This relation with a __________________ variable occurs because variable A influences
the mediator variable (C) which influences variable
B.

Answer 23

Mediator