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Driving Theory > Chapter 9 - Driving Manoeuvres > Flashcards

Chapter 9 - Driving Manoeuvres Flashcards

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1
Q

Things to keep in mind when getting in your car?

A

Open your door and get in only when you are sure that you do not endanger or inconvenience other road users

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2
Q

What should you do before getting into the car?

A
  1. You must look behind the car to see whether you are able to reverse out
  2. Walk around the front of the car to the door –> give you a good view of traffic and any obstacles infront of the car
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3
Q

Things to keep in mind when getting out of the car?

A

Develop a habit of caution

Before you get out –> check left outside mirror + look directly to the left outside of the car (blind spot)

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4
Q

When driving away do you give way to other road users

A

Yes

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5
Q

Things you should observe before driving away?

A
  1. Available space
  2. The view
  3. Weather conditions
  4. Amount of traffic
  5. Traffic coming from behind
  6. Oncoming traffic
  7. Speed of approaching drivers
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6
Q

How should you look when driving away?

A

Your car will usually be parked on the right-hand side

Before you drive off…

  1. Look ahead
  2. Look back using the inside mirror
  3. Look left using the left outside mirror
  4. Look left beside you

Note –> if your car is parked on the left-hand side –> driving off will be more difficult –> view of oncoming traffic is hampered

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7
Q

How should you indicate when driving away?

A

Signal just before your car starts to move –> make sure when you drive away approaching drivers are not forced to brake or swerve

Don’t do it too soon –> creates confusion

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8
Q

Things to keep in mind when you drive away outside the built up area?

A

If you want to drive away outside a built-up area from a lay-by or from the hard shoulder –> be aware that you will be joining fast moving traffic –> make sure you do not force other drivers to brake or swerve

Hard shoulder –> accelerate on the hard shoulder until you are able to join traffic at a safe speed –> be aware of other drivers

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9
Q

Is it advisable to overtake near a hard-shoulder with a vehicle parked on it?

A

No

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10
Q

Where should you pull over/position yourself to turn left?

4 different scenarios

A
  1. Roads where you expect oncoming traffic –> take up a position just left of the middle of the road
  2. On one-way roads without contraflow lane –> Entirely to the left of the road
  3. On one-way roads where you may expect oncoming cyclists/moped riders –> left of the middle of the road
  4. Entirely to the left of the carriageway if the road is a dual carriageway
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11
Q

Where should you pull over/position yourself to turn right?

3 different scenarios

A
  1. Against the kerb or the white side lines of the road
  2. If there is a bicycle lane or bus lane with a solid line to the right of the road, against the line
  3. If the bicycle lane is marked with broken lines –> you are allowed to use the lane as long as you do not obstruct or endanger cyclists/moped riders
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12
Q

What are right-turn and left-turn lanes?

A

Right and left turn lanes can often be found on wide roads near large crossroads –> arrows on the road surface tell which lane to choose if you want to drive straight or turn left or right

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13
Q

What thing must you do before turning right?

A
  1. Look –> check whether your change of directions endangers others.
    a) Look at your inside mirror first
    b) Then your right mirror
    c) Then over your right shoulder
  2. Signal –> once you can safely turn –> signal to turn right
  3. Move right –> you then move to the right in one flowing movement –> watch out with cyclists/moped riders, pedestrians, etc

Things to consider

  1. Give right of way –> if there is through traffic on the same road –> you must give them right of way
  2. Take the bend to the right sharply so that you end up on the right side of the road.
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14
Q

Things to remember when turning right into a single carriageway?

A

If you want to turn right onto a single carriageway outside the built up area you must remember that…

  1. Drivers from the left and right may approach quickly
  2. You may collide head on with overtaking vehicles
  3. Trees may be blocking your vision to the left and right
  4. You will not always be given right of way
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15
Q

Things you must do when turn left?

A
  1. Look –> Before your turn check whether your change of direction does not endanger others.
    a) Inside mirror first
    b) Left outside mirror
    c) Directly left outside the car

Don’t forget to look ahead to give way to oncoming traffic

  1. Signal –> only when you can safely change direction –> you signal left
  2. Move to the left –> move to the left in one flowing movement

Things to remember:

  1. Give right of way –> if there is through traffic (cars, cyclists, etc) –> you must give them right of way
  2. Take the bend to the left widely –> so that you do not end up on the right hand side of the road
  3. Look for approaching traffic before you pull over and immediately before you turn
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16
Q

What should you do if you and an oncoming vehicle want to turn left?

A

Pass in front of each other, unless:

  1. The oncoming vehicle is already in a position to turn left
  2. Markings on the road indicate otherwise
  3. There is a wide median
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17
Q

What problems may arise if you and a oncoming vehicle want to turn left?

A
  1. They block your passage, if halfway through turning off they get stuck in traffic.
  2. When they pass you and block your view of oncoming vehicles going straight ahead
  3. Get you and themselves in trouble if they do not clearly indicate whether they intend to pass in front or behind you
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18
Q

When passing stationary obstacles (e.g. parked vehicles) what should you make sure to do?

A
  1. Do not pass obstacles too quickly or too closely
  2. Do not put cyclists and moped riders that are also passing the obstacle at risk
  3. are prepared for the possibility that oncoming traffic will continue on the same road and not turn off –> basically watch out for oncoming traffic
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19
Q

What should you before you overtake?

A

Before you overtake –> you must signal

This is applicable for any major sideways movements –> e.g. overtaking cyclists on a narrow road or passing a parked car

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20
Q

General rule for overtaking?

A

As a rule –> Overtake on the left

This allows traffic to move safely to the right without having to take into account of anybody overtaking on the right

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21
Q

Under what circumstances are you allowed to overtake on the right?

A
  1. Just before and on a roundabout
  2. driving on the right of a block marking
  3. driving in a queue
  4. if the vehicle you wish to overtake moved left to turn left and signals to the left
  5. If the vehicle you wish to overtake is a tram
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22
Q

Are cyclists/motor-assisted bicyles allowed to overtake from the right all the time

A

Yes

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23
Q

Why should you not overtake on the right if the space is very tight?

A

It would mean concentrating too much on this tight space so that your attention for the general traffic will slacken

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24
Q

Does most overtaking involve driving on the side of the road with oncoming traffic?

A

Yes

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25
Q

Why is important to consider oncoming traffic when overtaking?

A

Often difficult to estimate speed of oncoming traffic –> make overtaking dangerous –> need to make sure you have sufficient space

Note –> the length of lorries means that overtaking takes longer and therefore requires more space

26
Q

What is the relationship between speed difference between vehicles and overtaking distance

A

Difference between overtaking vehicle and vehicle being overtaken is small –> overtaking will take longer –> more distance

Hence, overtake with the appropriate speed without having to exceed the maximum speed limit.

Below is a table showing the distances required for different speed differences

27
Q

Procedure for overtaking on a two-way road?

A
  1. Before you start to overtake –> decide whether it is safe to do so –> oncoming traffic? weather? road surface conditions? enough space?
  2. Start by indicating when performing the overtaking manoeuvre
  3. Swerve well before overtaking so that the driver being overtaken has plently of time to see you
  4. When you serve back –> indicate and look
28
Q

If there are two lines on the road between two lanes, a solid and a broken one, under what conditions can you overtake?

A

You are allowed to overtake if the broken line is on your side of the road axis.

If the solid line is on your side then you can NOT overtake

29
Q

Should you overtake at a junction?

A

No!

Your view may be obstructed –> not able to see vehicles from side roads –> cars can suddenly drive onto the road

30
Q

When overtaking a cyclists/pedestrians how far away from them should you be?

A

Always keep sufficient distance –> at least 1.5 metres

31
Q

Overtaking checklist?

A
  1. Keep sufficient distance from the vehicle infront –> so that he will be able to see you well
  2. Check whether there is sufficient space in front of the vehicle you want to overtake and that there is no oncoming traffic –> remember it is hard to guage speed of other cars

Note - not advisable to overtake on single carriageway unless a vehicle is driving too slow

  1. Check if someone is trying to overtake you –> inside mirror, left outside mirror and blind spot
  2. Check infront to see whether conditions for overtaking are still optimal
  3. Swerve quickly and overtake quickly
  4. Once overtaken –> indicate to the right and move back to the right –> look to check if there is no no one (cyclists) next to you
32
Q

What is the blind spot?

A

A spot which is not caught by the side mirrors –> so it is crucial to look over your shoulder to check the blind spot

33
Q

What should you do if you are in a queue of vehicles that want to overtake?

A

The safest overtaking behaviour would be if the second vehicle in the queue overtakes the on in front

34
Q

Are there circumstances when there are restrictions on overtaking?

A

In places where overtaking is dangerous you will see a sign –> “verboden in te halen” –> prohibits motor vehicles to overtake

Restriction are normally found…

  1. Before blind bends and slopes
  2. Before complex junction
  3. Before level crossings, protected by flashing lights
  4. Near zebra crossings

Note –> do not overtake at an amber flashing light on single carriageways

35
Q

Why is it important to not cut in too close to the vehicle that you has just overtaken?

A

Keep sufficient space just in case you need to brake for an unexpected reason

If you are too close may lead to a head-tail collision

36
Q

Specific conditions that need to be fullfilled when overtaking on a single carriageway?

A

Overtaking must occur…

  1. Well before a parking lane with parked cars on the other side of the road
  2. well before a solid line begins
  3. well before a petrol station on the other side of the road
37
Q

Is overtaking on motorways safe? What should you keep in mind?

A

Yes, it is safe

Be aware that…

  1. The manoeuvre must not take longer than needed
  2. Maximum speed must not be exceeded
  3. Overtaking may take quite a while

Note –> normally you overtake on the right

38
Q

How to approach an acceleration lane that joins a motorway/trunk road?

A

Acceleration lane is intended for you to accelerate sufficiently so that you can merge safely.

Important consider…

When you merge you must give way to drivers on the through road –> sometimes they give way but this is not compulsory

39
Q

How to approach an short acceleration lane?

A

Short lane to accelerate –> you wont be able to accelerate sufficiently to join the traffic…

So…

  1. Stop at the beginning of the acceleration lane
  2. Accelerate as soon as you see an opening in traffic flow in your left mirror
40
Q

Are you allowed to join traffic on the motorway using the hard shoulder?

A

No –> you are not allowed to drive on the hard shouldewr

Only used in emergency situations, for example if drivers on the through road give you no oppertunity to join the traffic

41
Q

How to signal when joining in the traffic on the motorway?

A

When you join you must use your indicator –> as soon as you start merging use your indicator –> Not before

Do not use your indicator to try to make room

42
Q

Merging with traffic on motorway/trunk road checklist?

A
  1. Gain insight on the traffic situation –> how busy is it? Any gaps? etc.
  2. Make sure you accelerate to the appropriate speed –> adjust your speed to the speed of the traffic
  3. Do not overtake any traffic while on the acceleration lane
  4. Check mirrors + to the side and over your shoulder –> to see whether you can merge without any danger –> note if there is oncoming traffic also look forwards to check if there is any oncoming traffic.
  5. Only use indicator when you are in the position to merge in a fluid motion
  6. Do not attempt to move directly to the second lane –> as traffic from behind will think that your indicator is still on from the original merging
  7. When on a combined acc.-dece. lane –> may find it necessary to oveetake traffic on the though lane –> but only if safe and beneficial for traffic flow.
43
Q

What should you keep in mind when using a combined acc.-dece. lane to overtake on the right hand side?

A
  1. Speeds between vehicles may differ considerably
  2. Vehicles in a hurry may quickly try to overtake you and join your lane while you are trying to join the traffic lane yourself.
44
Q

Important takeways when joining traffic on motorways?

While joining traffic..

Make sure…

A

While joining traffic

  1. Try to avoid having to stop
  2. adjust your speed as much as possible to the drivers on the through road
  3. do not signal too early
  4. join traffic according to the rules

Make sure..

  1. That the through road in front of you is clear
  2. That the lane beside you is clear
  3. Other drivers are moving to the left lane
  4. Vehicles from from behind might move from the left to the right lane
45
Q

If you are on the motorway and a vehicle is attempting to join, what should you try to do?

A

If another vehicle attempts to joon

  1. Move over to the left lane
  2. If the left lane is not clear, slow down and allow drivers coming from the right to join
46
Q

What are block markings? What are they used for?

A

Block markings found on motoreways

When driving to the right of the block marking, you are allowed to overtake when joining traffic, under the following conditions:

  1. Does not cause danger or inconvenience
  2. If it is justified by your speed
  3. if it is necessary to ensure smooth traffic flow
  4. if you remain prepared for vehicles suddenly changing lane

Nugget - heavy goods vehicle can not build up enough speed? You can help by moving into the left lane and easing the accelerator

47
Q

How to exit motorway?

A

Activae indicator 300m before the exit –> When exiting a motorway you must use the entire length of the deceleration lane

Be aware of hurried drivers overtaking you

Thing you should avoid?

  • You may not use the hard shoulder
  • Avoid stopping in the entry and exit lane
48
Q

What does proper use of the deceleration lane entail?

A

Proper use means that the traffic on the through road can drive on unimpeded.

Note –> Lanes may differ –> length, width and sharpness

49
Q

When should you reduce your speed when exiting the motorway?

A

Do NOT reduce speed before the deceleration lane –> so that you do not disturb the traffic behind you.

50
Q

After leaving the through road onto the deceleration lane, are you allowed to move back on the main throuhg lane?

A

No!

51
Q

Are you allowed to overtake on the right once you are on the deceleration lane, past the block markings?

A

Yes, you are alloed to overtake slow-driving motorists –> only do so for smooth traffic flow and no danger

52
Q

What is weaving (acc. and Dece. lane conincide)?

A

Net results of drivers joining and exiting the motorway –> since joining vehicles are driving slower and have a more space/better biew they should give eway to exiting vehicles

53
Q

When there are arrows on the motorway indicating exiting, do you have to follow them?

A

When you arrive at the exiting road marking you must follow the direction indicated by the arrows

54
Q

How does merging in turn work?

A

Occurs when a lane ends/blocked and drivers from the blocked lane need to merge with the through road.

The rule - Each driver on the through road gives way to one drivers coming from the blocked lane - make sure there is sufficient room

55
Q

When you are the car merging, during the merging in turn manoeuvres, what should you pay attention to?

A
  1. Observe traffic from behind
  2. No other vehicle is driving alongside you on the lane you wish to join
  3. Indicate direction
56
Q

Things to keep in mind when reversing in a straight line?

A

When reversing –> give way to everyone else

Situation is suitable

  1. Put Car in reverse
  2. Look over right shoulder –> turn the upper so far that you are able to put the right arm across the back of the side beside you
  3. Grasp wheel with left hand on top
  4. Slowly engage clutch and lightly step on gas pedal
  5. Always keep watching –> behind, and to the sides
57
Q

Things to keep in mind when reversing around a corner?

A
  1. If you wish to reverse around a corner –> reverse slowly until you are able to see the entrie bend through the side window of the car
  2. Before you begin –> look ahead and to the side

Note –> nose of the car will swing when doing move

  1. Through corner –> steer back quickly
  2. Continue to look back until the car has actually stopped
58
Q

During the driving test, what does reverse parking consist of?

A
  1. Reverse parking in a queue of parked cars
  2. Reverse parking in a parking space
59
Q

What are the two types of parallel parking

A

Two types

  1. Forwards –> requires a space which is twice the length of the car
  2. Backwards –> requires a space that is one and a half times the length of the car
60
Q

What are hill starts? How are they performed?

A

Occurs when you are forced to stop on a slope –> the car will roll backwards if you release the brake to accelerate –> acoid this you use the handbrake

Procedure

  1. Car stops on hill
  2. Pull handbrake
  3. Want to drive off –> switch to first gear and slightly engage clutch
  4. Same time accelerate (sense forward movement) –> Release handbrake –> engage clutch somewhat and accelerate
61
Q

What is the brake test?

A

Stopping your car smoothly and quickly with your brake without blocking the wheels or the engine stalling

Watch out for vehicles approaching from behind –> do not brake too abruptly.

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