Chapter 4 - Roads

Question 1

What is the Keep right rule?

Answer 1

Always keep right as much as possible but also as safely as possible –> keep a safe distance from the pavement and verge.

Note - If you are on a narrow road anf a oncoming vehicle is coming you may swerve onto the verge to create space –> make sure it is safe to do so beforehand.

Question 2

On narrow roads what do the signs F5/F6 indicate?

Answer 2

On narrow roads –> traffic signs F5 and F6 usually indicate who has the right of way

1. If you are driving in the direction of the red arrow you must stop.
2. If you are driving in the direction of the white/black arrow –> the oncoming vehicle must stop.

Note –> these signs only apply to drivers –> pedesterians are giving priority.

Lastly, no traffic sign –> unwritten rule that lorries and buses get priority.

Question 3

What happens if you meet obstacles on the road and there is oncoming traffic coming?

Answer 3

You must allow the oncoming traffic to go first –> unless the road is wide enough for you and the oncoming traffic

Question 4

What are the rules concerning the use of a One-way street?

Answer 4

Only drive a vehicle into a one-way street from one direction

Note - You may not reverse down or turn on a one-way street –> that being said, you are allowed to reverse park.

Question 5

Is it common for motor vehicles to share the road with mopeds?

Answer 5

Yes it is!

Depending on the traffic signs (show in the image) you know whether the moped must use the road.

Question 6

Important thing to take into account when driving on a road with a moped?

Answer 6

As a car driver you are less vulnerable –> you also have more responsibility.

Give the mopeds space they need + do not overtake them too tightly –> stay behind the moped if overtaking is not possible.

Question 7

What are bicycle streets?

Answer 7

Route designed specifically for cyclists –> Other riders and drivers are able to use the street –> they must bear cyclists in mind as much as possible.

You can recognise it by the relevant board and the lay out.

Question 8

Are you allowed to drive on cycle lanes?

Answer 8

No they are inteded for cyclists and riders of motor-assisted bicycles.

Not allowed to drive on them if they are marked by a solid line —> Neither are you allowed to use it as a right-turn lane

Question 9

Under what circumstance are you allowed to use a cycle lane as a right turn lane?

Answer 9

If a cycle lane is marked with a broken line –> you may use it as a right turn lane if it improves the flow of traffic and if you do not impede or endanger cylists, etc.

Question 10

One thing to remeber when driving next to a cycle lane?

Answer 10

Pay attention and be careful!

Cyclists often assume that the cycle lane is a protected area.

Question 11

What is a dual carriageway?

Answer 11

This is when a central reserve, row of trees or a green area divides a road in two carriageways.

Question 12

How to approach a dual carriageway?

Answer 12

There are usually signs that indicate how you should approach them.

If the central reserve (patch of grass) is whide –> signs often indicate that it is prohibited to drive in one of the lanes and indicate which carriageway you must drive on.

Question 13

What should you do if there are no signs on a dual carriageway?

Answer 13

You must keep the right hand side of the carriageway.

Question 14

What lane should the slowest vehicle travel on, when on a road that consists of three of more lanes?

Answer 14

If there are three or more lanes on a road –> it is safest if the vehicle without an engine, cyclists, motor-assisted bicycle and motor vehicles that travel slower than 25 km/h use the lane furthest to the right.

Note - this is usually a service road –> centre lane is normally prohibited by slower vehicles (Sign C8 and C9). Whereas, other traffic may use both the right and centre lane.

Question 15

What should you remember wjen driving on a single carriageway road?

Answer 15

Drive as far to the right as possible especially when approached by oncoming traffic.

Remember that oncoming lorry drivers are often unable to drive all the way to the right.

Question 16

What risks are involved when driving on a single carriageway road with trees close to the road on either side?

Answer 16

Be aware that…

1. Trees block your view of any side roads
2. Trees block your view of the bends
3. There is little chance to get out of the way
4. Hard to see drivers entering from the side road

Question 17

If you are driving on a road with trees on both sides with branches creating a tunnel effect, what should you do?

Answer 17

Adjust your speed and use dipped headlights.

Question 18

Dangers of driving in autumn?

Answer 18

Wet leaves on the road increase the danger of skidding

Question 19

What should you do if you are driving on a single carriageway road with trees close to the side of the road and the sun come through?

Answer 19

You should remember that…

1. Other drivers are difficult to see because flashing light in between the trees
2. More diffcult to judge distance
3. Oncoming vehicles are more difficult to see
4. It is more difficult for others to see

Question 20

Things to remember when driving in rural areas especially during the summer months?

Answer 20

1. Busy agricultural traffic
2. Dirty roads
3. Many cyclists on the road
4. Horse riders on the road

Question 21

Summarize the circumanstances where drivers need to pay alert?

Answer 21

1. In and near S-bends
2. Where cyclists and moped riders cross the road
3. Horse riders cross the road
4. Roads with width restrictions
5. Narrow roads
6. Mopeds using the road
7. Cyclists, motor-assisted bicyles use the road
8. Near a school or playground
9. Roads with a bad surface
10. Roads with a dangerous slope
11. Strong cross winds
12. Roads with increased risk of skidding
13. Areas where children play
14. narrow roads with cars parked on either side
15. Motorway exists

Question 22

General rules of appraoching a bend

Answer 22

Don’t drive too fast around a bend –> cause of real danger as you may lose control of the vehicle

If there is a sharp bend or a series of bend that follow eachother in rapid succesions, drivers are warned by a means of a sign.

Question 23

Why is it important to take centrifugal forces into consideration when taking a bend?

Answer 23

The centrifugal force depends on the radius of the bend and your speed. Hence, if you drive around once at 30 km/h and then at 60 km/h, your centrifugal force at 60 km/h will be four times higher.

Question 24

Things to take into consideration when you judge the bend?

Answer 24

When approaching a bend…

1. Select the correct gear in time and adjust your speed –> anticipate the course of the bend and the width of the road way using the lines on the road as an indicator
2. Take into account the weather conditions and the state of the road surface

Note –> Spiral bends can be more hazardous –> bend does not remain constant.

Question 25

What are dike roads? why are they unpleasant to drive on?

Answer 25

Road we often have to drive on in an area with many rivers Unpleasant features... 1. they are winding and more complex than they seem 2. they have rising entries and exists 3. No or poor road lining 4. Poor or contaminated road surface 5. Narrow lanes 6. slanting verges 7. Special banking

Question 26

What traffic circumstances restrict your ability as driver on a dike road?

Answer 26

1. Overtaking is almost impossible --\> if you do overtake you must be extra cautious 2. Vehicles from side roads enter the road driving upwards --\> they have poor view 3. course of the dike road hard to determine if the are objects obstructing your view 4. Escape options are limited --\> verges are unsuitable for this

Question 27

Things to take into account when driving on mountains?

Answer 27

1. Avoid driving in a high gear --\> better to run on higher number of revolutions --\> lower revolutions engine temp increases --\> increased damage 2. Take descents with the same gear as ascents make use of the breaking effect of the engine 3. Anticipate and follow the course of the road as best you can 4. Examine road surface 5. Ascending traffic has precedence over decending 6. Overtake with great caution 7. Pay attention to weather conditions 8. Fog can be extremely dangerous --\> stop or driver very slowly

Question 28

How can trunk roads be distinguished?

Answer 28

Trunk road - often consist of single carriageway with oncoming traffic but there are also trunk roads with seperate lanes Telling wether a road is a trunk road or not is only possible by the autoweg sign.

Question 29

How to differentiate a trunk road from a motorway?

Answer 29

1. Level road-junctions on a trunk road 2. Oncoming traffic on the same road 3. Trunk road has a short acceleration lane 4. Trunk road has no hard shoulder

Question 30

What are the requirements in order to be allowed to drive on a trunk road?

Answer 30

Only allowed to be used by motor vehicles that travel at least 50km/h Menas that agricultural vehicles and microcars are not allowed Note - Max speed on a trunk road outside a built up area is 100 km/h

Question 31

Characterisitics of a motorway?

Answer 31

Motorway always have... 1. Seperate carriageways 2. Hard shoulder 3. Each carriageway is divided into two or more lanes 4. Only be used by motor vehicles that drive at least 60 km/h 5. Indicated by G1 sign 6. More than three lanes - often be a hard shoulder to the left as well.

Question 32

What is the maximum speed limit on motorways?

Answer 32

100km/h

Question 33

Is the max speed limit always 130 km/h on motorways?

Answer 33

No --\> there is usually a lower max speed limit This is indicated by road signs --\> On motorways with three or more lanes this will be indicated on the left hand side Note - maximum speed limit can change throughout the day - 6 am and 7 pm - 120km/h and other times 130 km/h

Question 34

What actions with the car are prohibited both on a trunk road and motorways?

Answer 34

1. Reverse 2. Make a U-turn 3. Stop vehicles on the carriageway 4. to drive, walk or stop a vehicles on the hard shoulder or emergency parking area --\> unless its an emergency 5. lorries and vehicles with trailers with a combined length of over 7 meters to use the third and subseqeunt lanes.

Question 35

Are you allowed to reverse on the hard shoulder of a motorway?

Answer 35

No!

Question 36

On a road with three lanes, which lane should normally be used?

Answer 36

Where three lanes are available... 1. You must use the right-hand lane 2. Must only use the centre lane if there is traffic on the right hand lane which is slow and you can easily overtake. 3. Alternatively, you can use the centre lane if you wish to change lanes to turn left 4. Change lane away from the right-lane if a car is in in the accelaration lane and you need to create space so that they can join General rule - Do not needlessly drive on the left

Question 37

When can you use the rush-hour lane?

Answer 37

As the name implies when there is a rush-hour -\> they are orginally hard shoulder which can be used as a lane Electronic signals will indicate whether they may be used... 1. Green arrow --\> you may 2. Red Cross --\> you may not 3. White arrow --\> used to indicate a red cross ahead --\> tells you to clear the rush hour lane Note --\> sometimes rush hour lanes are indicated by the three signs shown in the attached image.

Question 38

When the rush-hour lane is in use, which area is used for emergencies?

Answer 38

Rush hour lane in use --\> no hard shoulder However... There will be the occasional lay-by area --\> are intended for real emergencies only

Question 39

What should you do if you are approaching road works?

Answer 39

On motorways road works are indicated 2 km in advance. 1. Reduce your speed in time 2. Do not overtake during the last kilometre 3. Allow others to join the traffic safely Note --\> when road works are being carried out --\> you are often directed to use a different lane --\> be prepared for vehicles infront to suddely brake, workers on the road and construction traffic.

Question 40

How to interpret temporary lines on the road?

Answer 40

Temporary Lines --\> Yellow lines Still valid lines ---\> respect what they tell you Important note - temporary lanes are usually narrower --\> lower max speed to allow for more control of vehicle. Also consider driving with your left wheels close to or on the line to avoid going off the road.

Question 41

Before embarking on a journey on roads unfamiliar to you, what should you remember to do?

Answer 41

Advisable to study the route beforehand and write down in advance the numbers of the motorways that you are travelling on.

Question 42

What does a green-and-white junction signal on a motorway indicate?

Answer 42

Used to indicate where the motorway branches into two motorways.

Question 43

When you change lanes should you give priority to other drivers?

Answer 43

Yes you should

Question 44

What are schematic junctions used for?

Answer 44

The schematic junction on advance signs tells you what kind of junction you are approaching and how you should drive to follow a certain direction.

Question 45

What should you do if you miss your exit?

Answer 45

If you have missed an exit/the road you intented to turn into --\> drive on to the next exit.

Question 46

What are the three types of roads?

Answer 46

1. N-Roads - These are the arterial roads that are not motorways --\> numbers are on yellow background - e.g. N30 2. A roads - Motorways in the netherlands - the numbers are displayed on a red background - e.g. A12 Note - A-roads are also often E-roads 3. E-Roads --\> Usually European motorways + trunk roads and other through roads may also be E-Roads - numbers are found on a green background Europe has a whole network of E-roads --\> numbers have been agreed upon internationally

Question 47

What types of roads have road markings with speed information?

Answer 47

Road markings with speed information is a new system being implemented It marks roads with one carriageway for traffic in both directions outside built-up areas Involves the application of lines in the middle and sides of the carriageway

Question 48

What type of Road markings can be found on roads with a max speed of 100 km/h (trunk roads)?

Answer 48

1. Double continuous line or broken line in the middle of the road 2. A broad green filled-in area between the two lines 3. Continuous line on each side of the carriageway Note - You are NOT allowed to cross the double line --\> means you are not allowed to overtake

Question 49

What type of Road markings can be found on roads with a max speed of 80 km/h ?

Answer 49

1. Double solid line or borken line in the middle of the road 2. Depending on the road width the space between the lines may be 20 to 80cm 3. A broken white line on each side of the carriageway Note - Here too the double continious line may not be crossed but the broken line may be

Question 50

What type of Road markings can be found on roads with a max speed of 60 km/h ?

Answer 50

1. No lines in the middle of the road 2. Broken line of each side of the carriageway 3. Cycle lane or non-compulsary cycle may be added 4. 60 km/h speed board --\> absent? --\> max speed of 80 applies