Chapter 9- Crude Oil And Fuels

Question 1

What are hydrocarbons?-

Answer 1

They are molecules made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms only

Question 2

The simplest group of hydrocarbons are…

Answer 2

… alkanes and they have singular bonds

Question 3

What is the order of the alkanes?

Answer 3

Meth
Eth
Prop
But

Question 4

What is the general formula for the alkanes?-

Answer 4

Cn H2n+2

Question 5

What is volatility?-

Answer 5

How easily something turns into a gas

Question 6

What is flammability?-

Answer 6

How easily something ignites

Question 7

What is viscosity?-

Answer 7

How thick or how runny something is, a viscous substance does not flow easily

Question 8

Crude oil is separated…

Answer 8

Into useful fractions using fractional distillation in a fractionating column
The different fractions are alkanes of different chain lengths
They are heated at the bottom and cooled at the top

Question 9

Short chain alkanes have…

Answer 9

…a low boiling pint

Question 10

What is the product of burning hydrocarbons?

Answer 10

Carbon dioxide and water

Question 11

What is the toxic gas made in the incomplete combustion of a hydrocarbon?

Answer 11

Carbon monoxide

Question 12

Why is carbon monoxide harmful?

Answer 12

Because it attaches to the haemoglobin in the red blood cells, restricting the amount of oxygen in the bloodstream

Question 13

What does the phrase ‘cracking hydrocarbons’ mean?

Answer 13

Breaking down the long hydrocarbons