Chapter 14- Organic Chemistry Flashcards
what 3 fossil fuels make carbon dioxide on combustion?
coal, natural gas and petroleum
what is the essential principle of fractional disstilation?
that there are differing boring points related to the molecules size and their intermolecular attractive forces
what is the main constituent of natural gas?
methane
what is petroleum?
mixture of hydrocarbons and it is separated by fractional disstilation
what is refinery gas used for?
heating and cooking
what is gasoline and diesel oil/ gas fraction used for?
fuel in cars
what are the structures of methane, ethane, ethene, and ethanol?
CH4
C2H6
C2H4
C2H5OH
what is an alkane?
the simplest hydrocarbon that when put in a series forms alkanes
what is the homologous series?
a series of compounds with he same functional group
what is the complete/ incomplete combustion of carbon?
complete combustion happens when there is a good supply of oxygen, and this reaction is exothermic and the by products are carbon dioxide and water
which reaction creates alkenes?
cracking
how does cracking work?
it needs extremely high temperatures and needs catalysts
what are saturated/ unsaturated hydrocarbons?
saturated means that each carbon s bonded t as many hydrogen atoms as possible, therefore the carbon atoms are saturated with hydrogen.
when is ethanol produced?
through a reaction of ethene and steam
what can ethanol be used as?
a solvent and a fuel
