Chapter 9 - Chapter 11 - Chapter 12 - Pop Quizes Flashcards
According to Plutchik’s emotion wheel, there are only eight human emotions.
A. True
B. False
B. False
Schachter and Singer’s theory of emotion agrees with the James-Lange theory in that emotions follow physiological and behavioral changes
A. True
B. False
A. True
Psychological responses to stress include cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses
A. True
B. False
A. True
Situations that an individual does not have control over and are sudden and ambiguous are likely to be perceived as stressful
A. True
B. False
A. True
Stressful events decrease the functioning body’s immune system
A. True
B. False
A. True
The physiological component of emotion is closely associated with which of the following? A. Autonomic nervous system B. Central nervous system C. Skeletal or somatic nervous system D. Brain stem functions
A. Autonomic nervous system
According to Plutchik's emotion wheel, emotions that are directly across from each other \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ A. Are opponent processes B. Have the most in common C. Are opposites D. Are secondary emotions
C. Are opposites
The James-Lange theory is supported by evidence that indicates which of the following?
A. The hypothalamus is involved in emotional expression
B. Feelings of emotions are a consequence of physiological changes
C. Following a fear response, people experience elation
D. Individuals tend to look for an appropriate emotional label for physiological changes
B. Feelings of emotions are a consequence of physiological changes
The facial feedback theory of emotion is partially supported by the observation that indicates which of the following?
A. Emotions are always accompanied by changes in facial expression
B. Drugs that paralize facial muscles (eg. Botox) decrease the intensity of experienced emotions
C. We often experience the same emotion another is expressing
D. Forcing a smile can make people happy even when they are not
B. Drugs that paralize facial muscles (eg. Botox) decrease the intensity of experienced emotions
Soloman and Corbit's opponent-process theory proposes that with repeated exposure to a situation that produces and intense emotion, the initial emotion reaction will \_\_\_\_\_ while the opponent emotion reaction will \_\_\_\_\_ A. Weaken/remain constant B. Remain constant/grow stronger C. Weaken/grow stronger D. Grow stronger/weaken
C. Weaken/grow stronger
Which of the following is NOT a common cognitive response to a stressful situation?
A. Disruptive thoughts
B. Higher than normal levels of distraction
C. Feelings of anxiety
D. Impaired performance on cognitive tasks
C. Feelings of anxiety
Which of the following events would be least stressful?
A. Having your parents tell you they are divorcing
B. Having your roommate tell you to move out
C. Having your partner initiate a break up of a long-term relationship
D. Initiating the break up of a long term relationship
D. Initiating the break up of a long term relationship
What is the main reason why ambiguous situations may cause stress?
A. One may not be able to determine an appropriate course of action
B. One needs time to mobilize defense
C. One may feel out of control
D. One may not be able to plan ahead
A. One may not be able to determine an appropriate course of action
The evidence linking stress to \_\_\_\_\_ is less conclusive and more controversial than for the other illnesses listed A. Malfunctioning of the immune system B. Coronary heart disease C. Cancer D. Hypertension
C. Cancer
Stress affects the immune system by which of the following? A. Reducing immunocompetence B. Activating the immune system C. Enhancing immunocompetence D. Destroying the immune system
A. Reducing immunocompetence
A major drawback of the cross-sectional design is that is takes an extended period of time to collect all the necessary information
A. True
B. False
B. False
Huntington’s disease is a genetic condition that newborn infants are routinely screened for; if the condition is present, dietary changes can prevent the symptoms of the disease
A. True
B. False
B. False
Results of experiments with rats suggest that early experience effects the development of the brain
A. True
B. False
A. True
Children are first able to understand the principle of conversation in the pre-operational stage of cognitive development
A. True
B. False
B. False
Assimilation refers to the process whereby society conveys behavioral expectations to the individual
A. True
B. False
B. False
Unlike psychologists who emphasize the role of learning, psychologists who emphasize maturation view development as a \_\_\_\_\_ process that results in \_\_\_\_\_ changes A. Continuous/qualitative B. Continuous/quantitative C. Discontinuous/qualitative D. Discontinuous/quantitative
C. Discontinuous/qualitative
The research design used in developmental research that attempts to overcome some of the drawbacks associated with the other two designs is the \_\_\_\_\_ design A. Cross-longitudinal B. Cross-sequential C. Cross-sectional D. Longitudinal
B. Cross-sequential
A person who is heterozygous for a sex-linked recessive trait (eg. red-green color blindness) _____
A. Will not exhibit the recessive trait in their phenotype
B. Is female
C. May have offspring who exhibit the recessive trait regardless of the genetic makeup of the other parent
D. All of the above are correct
D. All of the above are correct
A newborn’s brain has what percentage of neurons?
A. Only 25 percent of the neurons of an adult
B. 75 percent of all the neurons it will ever have
C. 50 percent of all the neurons it will ever have
D. Most-if not all-of the neurons it will ever have
D. Most-if not all-of the neurons it will ever have
What is a mental structure that guides future behavior while providing framework for making sense out of new information called? A. An operation B. A schema C. Accommodation D. Assimilation
B. A schema
What is the correct order of Piaget’s stages of cognitive development?
A. Sensorimotor, concrete operations, preoperational, formal operations
B. preoperational, sensorimotor, concrete operations, formal operations
C. concrete operations, preoperational, sensorimotor, formal operations
D. sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operations
D. sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operations
A child begins to use logic to solve problems during the \_\_\_\_\_ stage of cognitive development, and can first think abstractly in the \_\_\_\_\_ stage of cognitive development A. formal operations/concrete operations B. preoperational/concrete operation C. concrete operations/formal operations D. preoperational/formal operations
C. concrete operations/formal operations
The “strange situation” is used to evaluate which of the following?
A. A child’s stage of cognitive development
B. Infant-mother attachment
C. Mother-infant attachment
D. A child’s stage of psychosocial development
B. Infant-mother attachment
The stage pf Erikson's theory of psychosocial development that is characterized by an extensive reflection concerning the past accomplishments and failures concerns the \_\_\_\_\_ crisis A. ego integrity versus dispair B. initiative versus guilt C. generativity versus stagnation D. industry versus inferiority
A. ego integrity versus dispair
If an adolescent developed breasts but, even after several years, did not begin menstruation, and all other causes had been ruled out, a medical doctor would most likely suspect which of the following? A. The presence of two Y chromosomes B. Androgen insensitivity syndrome C. DHT deficient male syndrome D. Fetally androgenized female syndrome
B. Androgen insensitivity syndrome
Adolescence refers to the approximately two-year period of rapid physical change that culminates in sexual maturity
A. True
B. False
B. False
Typically by late childhood or early adolescence, an individual would be functioning at the level of conventional morality
A. True
B. False
A. True
The term climacteric refers to physiological changes associated with the transition from fertility to infertility for both men and women
A. True
B. False
B. False
The brain begins to decrease in size as a result of neuron loss by about age 40
A. True
B. False
B. False
The activity theory proposes that the aging process is a consequence of wear and tear on one’s body
A. True
B. False
B. False
What does the adolescent growth spurt indicate?
A. It occurs at a younger age in boys than in girls
B. It refers to a four-year time span of rapid physical growth early adolescence
C. It is completed before a child reaches sexual maturity
D. It occurs after a child reaches sexual maturity
C. It is completed before a child reaches sexual maturity
When people have cognitively matured to the point which they can explore hypothetical or "what if" possibilities, Piaget would say that they are in the \_\_\_\_\_ stage A. Sensorimotor B. Preoperational C. Concrete-operations D. formal-operations
D. formal-operations
Kohlberg was more interested in a person’s _____ rather than in his or her _____
A. moral behavior/moral reasoning
B. yes or no answer to a moral dilemma/moral behavior
C. yes or no answer to a moral dilemma/moral reasoning
D. moral reasoning/ yes or no answer to a moral dilemma
D. moral reasoning/ yes or no answer to a moral dilemma
The popular image of the teenage years as a time of rebellion, storm, and stress is considered which of the following
A. Substantiated by studies
B. Applicable only to early adolescent years
C. More myth than fact
D. True only in America
C. More myth than fact
When do most people reach the peak of their reproductive capacities and enjoy the best health of any time in their lives A. middle adulthood B. early childhood C. later adulthood D. late adolescence
B. early childhood
What is one problem with cross-sectional studies on intelligence
A. Older groups experienced less formal education
B. older groups have less experience with standardized tests
C. Groups have experience varied cultural conditions
D. all of the above reasons are valid
D. all of the above reasons are valid
Approximately what percent of young adults (25-35) are married today? A. 60 B. 50 C. 80 D. 25
B. 50
Which of the following vision problems is not increasingly common in the older years? A. night vision problems B. perceiving color C. farsightedness D. nearsightedness
D. nearsightedness
Current evidence links the cause of Alzheimer's disease to which of the following? A. An excess of the beta-amyloid protein B. a defective gene on chromosome 21 C. environmental factors D. gene mutations on several chromosomes
A. An excess of the beta-amyloid protein
Erikson’s developmental task of the older years - ego integrity vs. dispair - is consistent with the idea that older people _____
A. Select a lifestyle that reflects their personality
B. are concerned with problem finding
C. Conduct a life review
D. demonstrate post-conventional thought
C. Conduct a life review
