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Medical Terminology > Chapter 9 -- Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Chapter 9 -- Cardiovascular System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

angi/o

A

vessel

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2
Q

aort/o

A

aorta

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3
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

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4
Q

ather/o

A

fatty

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5
Q

atri/o

A

atrium

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6
Q

brady-

A

slow

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7
Q

cardi/o

A

heart

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8
Q

coron/o

A

crown; encircling, such as the coronary blood vessels encircling the heart

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9
Q

-ectasis

A

dilation

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10
Q

electr/o

A

electrical

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11
Q

-emia

A

blood

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12
Q

endo-

A

inner; inside

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13
Q

-gram

A

written record

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14
Q

hem/o; hemat/o

A

blood

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15
Q

my/o

A

muscle

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16
Q

peri-

A

around; surrounding

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17
Q

phleb/o

A

vein

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18
Q

-stenosis

A

a narrowing

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19
Q

tachy-

A

fast

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20
Q

tens-

A

pressure (hyper/tens/ion)

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21
Q

thromb/o

A

clot

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22
Q

valv/o, valvul/o

A

valve

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23
Q

varic/o

A

dialated; from latin word varix (“a dialated vein”)

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24
Q

vas/o

A

vessel

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25
Q

veno-

A

vein

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26
Q

ventricul/o

A

ventricle

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27
Q

aorta

A

the main trunk of the arterial system

28
Q

aortic valve

A

connects the left ventricle to the aorta

29
Q

arteries

A

the largest of the blood vessels that carry the blood away from the heart

30
Q

arterioles

A

the smallest arteries that connect with the capilaries

31
Q

atria

A

upper two of the four heart chambers; left and right atrium

32
Q

atrioventricular node

A

fiber located at the base of the right atrium near the ventricle that carry electrical stimulation to the bundle

33
Q

basophil

A

a white blood cell with granules that stain with basic dyes

34
Q

bicuspid/mitral valve

A

connects the left atrium to the right ventricle

35
Q

bundle of His

A

located at the top of the interventricular septum; carries electrical impulses from the AV node to the Purkinjie fibers

36
Q

capillaries

A

the smallest of the blood vessels

37
Q

cardiac cycle

A

a complete round of systole and diastole

38
Q

diastole

A

relaxation phase of the heart

39
Q

endocardium

A

the inner surface of the heart

40
Q

eosinophil

A

a white blood cell that stains with certain dyes

41
Q

epicardium

A

the outer covering of the heart

42
Q

erythrocytes

A

red blood cells, RBC

43
Q

heart rate

A

HR; the number of times per minute the heart contracts

44
Q

hemoglobin

A

the protein that gives blood its color; Hb

45
Q

inferior vena cava

A

large vein that collects blood from the smaller veins of the lower body

46
Q

left atrium

A

upper left heart chamber

47
Q

left ventricle

A

lower left heart chamber

48
Q

leukocytes

A

white blood cells; WBC

49
Q

monocyte

A

a relatively large WBC

50
Q

myocardium

A

the heart muscle, which includes nerves and blood vessels

51
Q

neutrophil

A

a mature white blood cell (over 50% of WBC’s)

52
Q

pericardial sac

A

another lining of the pericardium closet to the heart

53
Q

pericardium

A

serous membrane lining the pericardial cavity

54
Q

phagocyte

A

a WBC capable of ingesting bacteria and other foreign matter

55
Q

plasma

A

the yellow fluid that makes up more than half of total blood volume

56
Q

platelets

A

smallest of the formed elements; important in the coagulation process

57
Q

pulmonary artery

A

vessel that carries deoygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs

58
Q

pulmonary valve

A

valve connecting the right ventricle and the lungs

59
Q

pulmonary veins

A

vessels that carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium

60
Q

Rh factor

A

an antigen; first discovered in the Rhesus monkey. People are either Rh+ of Rh-

61
Q

superior vena cava

A

large vein that collects blood from the smaller veins of the upper body

62
Q

systole

A

contraction phase

63
Q

tricuspid

A

valve connecting the right atrium to the right ventricle

64
Q

venules

A

small veins

65
Q

aneurysm

A

a localized dilation of an artery, cardiac chamber or other vessel

66
Q

angina pectoris

A

pain in the chest due to ischemia

67
Q

cardiac glyosides

A

drugs used to improve cardiac contraction/output

Medical Terminology (10 decks)

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