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Medical Terminology > Chapter 11 -- Respiratory System > Flashcards

Chapter 11 -- Respiratory System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

phren/o

A

diaphram

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2
Q

pleur/o

A

pleura

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3
Q

alveoli

A

small cavities where oxygen is removed from the air delivered by the bronchioles

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4
Q

apex

A

upper tip of each lung

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5
Q

base

A

bottom of each lung

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6
Q

bronchi

A

tubes ( R and L) branching off the trachea and into the lungs

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7
Q

bronchiole

A

very small branches of bronchi that extend into the lungs

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8
Q

cilia

A

small hairs in the upper respiratory tract that sweep out foreign matter and mucus out of the respiratory tract

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9
Q

diaphram

A

the major muscle of the respiration located at the base of the thoracic cavity

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10
Q

epiglottis

A

a mucous membrane-covered, leaf-shaped piece of cartilage at the root of the tongue

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11
Q

glottis

A

vocal folds and apparatus of the larynx

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12
Q

internal respiration

A

oxygen and CO2 being exchanged at the cellular level

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13
Q

external respiration

A

air brought into lungs and O2 and CO2 and exchanged in the blood in the alveoli

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14
Q

laryngopharynx

A

lower portion of the pharynx

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15
Q

larynx

A

vocal cords

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16
Q

mediastinum

A

area between the lungs that houses the heart, aorta, trachea, esophagus and bronchi

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17
Q

nasopharynx

A

upper portion of the pharynx

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18
Q

oropharynx

A

middle portion of the pharynx

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19
Q

patency

A

the state of being open

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20
Q

patent

A

open

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21
Q

pharynx

A

passageway just below the nasal cavity and mouth

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22
Q

phrenic

A

the diaphram

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23
Q

pleura

A

serous membrane that surrounds the lung

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24
Q

atelectasis

A

collapse of a lung or part of a lung

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25
Q

bronchial pneumonia

A

inflammation of the smaller bronchial tubes

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26
Q

bronchiostenosis

A

narrowing of the bronchial tubes

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27
Q

bronchitis

A

inflammation of the mucous membrane of the bronchial tubes

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28
Q

bronchpneumonia

A

inflammation of the smaller bronchial tubes

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29
Q

bronchospasm

A

abnormal contraction of the bronchi

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30
Q

Cheyne-Stokes

A

respiratory pattern of varying depths with periods of apnea

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31
Q

croup

A

a viral infection that causes swelling of the larynx and epiglottis; a barking noise is characteristic

32
Q

cystic fibrosis

A

genetic disorder in which the lungs become clogged with excessive amounts of abnormally thick mucus

33
Q

dysphonia

A

difficult or painful speech

34
Q

dyspnea

A

difficult breathing

35
Q

emphysema

A

condition where the alveoli are insufficient because of distention

36
Q

hemoptysis

A

blood-tinged frothy sputum

37
Q

influenza

A

highly contagious viral infection of the upper respiratory tract that is spread by droplets

38
Q

Kussmaul

A

rapid deep respirations that are characteristic of an acid-base imbalance (frequently seen in uncontrolled diabetes)

39
Q

laryngitis

A

inflammation of the larynx

40
Q

laryngospasm

A

involuntary contraction of the larynx

41
Q

laryngostenosis

A

a narrowing of the larynx

42
Q

orthopnea

A

discomfort or difficulty breathing while lying flat; difficulty is relieved by sitting up

43
Q

pertussis

A

an acute infectious inflammation of the larynx, trachea and bronchi caused by Bordella pertussis

44
Q

pharyngitis

A

inflammation of the pharynx

45
Q

pharyngospasm

A

involuntary contraction of the pharynx

46
Q

phrenoplegia

A

paralysis of the diaphram

47
Q

pneumolith

A

calculus in the lungs

48
Q

pneumonia

A

inflammation of the lung caused by infection, chemical inhalation or trauma

49
Q

pneumothorax

A

accumulation of air in the pleural space

50
Q

rales

A

abnormal breath sound; crackles

51
Q

rhinitis

A

inflammation of the inner lining of the nasal cavity

52
Q

rhinopathy

A

disease of the nose

53
Q

rhinorrhea

A

discharge from the rhinal mucous membrane

54
Q

rhonchi

A

abnormal breath sound; low-pitched sonorous sounds

55
Q

sinusitis

A

inflammation of the respiratory sinuses

56
Q

stridor

A

high pitched squeaking sound frequently associated with croup

57
Q

tachypnea

A

abnormal fast respiration

58
Q

tracheitis

A

inflammation of the trachea

59
Q

tracheostenosis

A

abnormal narrowing of the trachea

60
Q

tuberculosis

A

disease caused by presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

61
Q

wheezing

A

abnormal breath sounds; whistling sounds heard with upper airway obstruction

62
Q

antihistaminic

A

drug used to treat acute allergic reactions

63
Q

antipyretic

A

drug used to reduce fever

64
Q

arterial blood gas

A

measures the partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the arterial blood

65
Q

bronchodilator

A

drug used to expand the bronchi

66
Q

bronchoscope

A

a device used for visually inspecting the interior of a bronchus

67
Q

bronchoscopy

A

inspection using a bronchoscope

68
Q

decongestant

A

drug used to reduce edema and congestion

69
Q

larygnoscope

A

instrument with a light at the tip to aid in visual inspection of the larnyx

70
Q

larngyoscopy

A

visual inspection of the larnyx with the aid of a laryngoscope

71
Q

postural drainage

A

a physical therapy technique where the pt lies on their side on a decline to help drain the lungs

72
Q

pulmonary function tests

A

measurement of lung volumes to assess breathing and ventilation; instrument used as a spirometer

73
Q

rhinoscope

A

a small mirror with a thin handle; used in rhinoscopy

74
Q

pneumoectomy

A

removal of the pulmonary lobes from a lung

75
Q

spirometer

A

instrument used to measure respiratory gases

76
Q

thoracentesis

A

insertion of a needle into the pleural cavity to withdraw fluid for diagnostic purposes, to drain excess fluid or to re-expand a collapsed lung

Medical Terminology (10 decks)

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