Chapter 14 -- Reproductive System Flashcards
1
Q
embryo
A
name change from zygote after the first cell division until the eighth week of pregnancy
2
Q
epdidymis
A
organ in which the male sperm become functional
3
Q
fallopian
A
tubes between the ovaries and the uterus
4
Q
fertilization
A
the joining of the male and female gametes
5
Q
fetus
A
name change from embryo after the eighth week of pregnancy to birth
6
Q
gamete
A
term given to both the female ovum and the male spermatozoon
7
Q
gestation
A
development that occurs between the formation of the zygote and birth of the child
8
Q
gonad
A
gamete-generating organ
9
Q
gravida
A
a pregnant woman
10
Q
lactation
A
milk production
11
Q
mammary gland
A
breasts
12
Q
menarche
A
beginning of menses
13
Q
menopause
A
normal stopping of monthly period or menses
14
Q
menses
A
end of one uterine cycle and the beginning of another
15
Q
menstrual cycle
A
part of the reproductive system process in women, comprising three phases: secretory, proliferative and menses
16
Q
mitosis
A
process of cell division by which one cell becomes two, both of which the maternal and paternal chromosomes
17
Q
ovary
A
small almond-shaped organ located on either side of the uterus
18
Q
ovulation
A
release of a mature ovum from the ovary
19
Q
ovum
A
the female gamete
20
Q
para
A
a woman that has given birth to a viable baby
21
Q
penis
A
male sex organ that transports the male sperm into the vagina
22
Q
placenta
A
a spongy organ that is attached to the fetus by the umbilical cord and that provides nourishment to the fetus
23
Q
pregnancy
A
period of time when the fetus grows inside of the uterus
24
Q
progestins
A
female hormones generated in the ovaries
25
prostate gland
male gland that produces and stores prostatic fluid, a fluid medium that is part of semen
26
reproductive tract
in the male reproductive system, the ductwork leading from the epididymis to the outside of the body
27
scrotum
the sac that encloses and protects the testicles
28
amni/o
amnion; innermost of the extraembryonic membranes enveloping the embryo in utero and containing the amniotic fluid
29
balan/o
glans penis
30
cervic/o
cervix
31
circum/o
around
32
colp/o
vaginia
33
vagin/o
vaginia
34
gonad/o
gonads; sex glands
35
gynec/o
woman; female
36
lact/o
milk
37
mast/o
breast
38
mamm/o
breast
39
men/o
menses; menstrationi
40
nat/o
birth
41
oophoro; oo
ovary; egg
42
orch/o; orchi/o; orchid/o
testes
43
test/o
testes
44
ovari/o
ovary
45
prostat/o
prostate
46
salping/o
tube; fallopian tube
47
spermat/o; sperm/o
sperm
48
uter/o
uterus
49
hyster/o
uterus
50
metr/o
uterus
51
vas/o
vessel; vas deferens
52
vuvl/o
vulva
53
semen
combination of male gametes, their associated glandular secretions and prostatic fluid
54
seminal vesical
glands at the base of the urinary bladder that secrete a thick substance that nourishes the sperm
55
sperm
the male gamete; sperm is singular or plural; spermatozoon is sigular; spermatozoa is plural
56
spermatogenesis
production of sperm
57
testes
the organs that produce and store the male gametes
58
testosterone
the male reproductive hormone prominent in male gamete production
59
urethra
male ductwork that acts as a part of both the male urinary and male reproductive systems
60
uterine cervix
the "neck" located at the lower end of the uterus
61
uterine cycle
part of the reproductive system process in women, comprising three phases: secretory, proliferative and menses
62
uterine tubes
fallopian tubes; tubes between the uterus and the ovaries
63
vas deferens
duct leading out of the epididymis
64
zygote
single cell formed at fertilization
65
amenorrhea
absence of menstration
66
anorchism
congenital abscess of one or both testes
67
anteflexion
an exaggerated forward bend of the uterus
68
anteversion
abnormal tipping forward of the entire uterus
69
azoospermia
absence of sperm in the semen
70
balantis
inflammation of the glans penis
71
BPH; benign prostatic hypertrophy
an enlarged, non-cancerous prostate
72
cervicitis
inflammation of the uterine cervix
73
cryptorchism
undescended testicles or when one or both testes fail to descend into the scrotum
74
cystocele
protrusion of the bladder into the anterior wall of the vagina
75
dysmenorrhea
painful menstration
76
endometriosis
presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus
77
epididymitis
inflammation of the epididymis
78
epispdias
congenital opening of the urethra on the top side of the penis
79
gonorrhea
highly contagious STD caused by bacteria
80
hydrocele
hernia filled with fluid in the testes
81
hypospadias
defect where the urethral opening is on the underside of the penis
82
hysteralgia
pain in the uterus
83
hysterectomy
removal of the uterus
84
hysteropathy
disease of the uterus
85
mastitis
inflammation of the breast
86
menorrhagia
increased amount and duration of flow
87
oligmenorrhea
markedly reduced menstrual flow along with abnormally infrequent menstration
88
oligospermia
low sperm count
89
oophoritis
inflammation of an ovary
90
orchialgia
pain in the testes
91
orchiopathy
any disease of the testes
92
orchitis
inflammation of the testes
93
ovarialgia
pain in an ovary
94
ovaritis
inflammation of an ovary
95
PID, pelvic imflammatory disease
acute or chronic suppurative inflammation of female pelvic structures due to infection
96
phimosis
narrowing of the opening of the foreskin so it cannot be retracted or pulled back to expose the glans penis
97
prolasped uterus
descent of the uterus or cervix into the vagina
98
prostatitis
inflammation of the prostate
99
rectocele
protrusion of the rectum into the posterior wall of the vagina
100
retroflexion
abnormal tipping with the body of the uterus bent back on itself
101
retroversion
an abnormal tipping with the entire uterus backward
102
salpingitis
inflammation of a uterine tube
103
syphilis
highly contagious sexually transmitted disease that is caused by a bacterium
104
vaginitis
inflammation of the vaginal tissues that may be infectious or due to several other causes
105
variocele
a varicose vein of the testes
106
amniocentesis
extraction and diagnostic examination of amniotic fluid from the amniotic sac
107
cervicectomy
excision of the uterine cervix
108
cervicoplasty
surgical repair of the uterine cervix
109
cervicotomy
incision into the uterine cervix
110
cesarean section
surgical operation through the abdominal wall and uterus for the delivery of the baby
111
circumcision
a surgical procedure to remove the foreskin of the penis
112
colposscopy
using an endoscopic instrument to examine the vagina and the cervix
113
D&C
dilation and curettage; dilation of the cervix and curettage, which involves scraping the lining of the uterus
114
hysterectomy
surgical removal of the uterus
115
hysteropexy
surgical fixation of the uterus
116
hysteroplasty
surgical repair of the uterus
117
hysterotomy
incision of the uterus
118
laparoscopy
direct visualization of the interior of the abdomen with the use of a laparoscope
119
mammography
examination of the breast be means of an imaging technique, such a s radiography
120
mastectomy
surgical removal of a breast
121
oophorectomy
excision of an ovary; ovariectomy
122
oophoroplasty
surgical repair of an ovary
123
oophorotomy
incision into an ovary
124
orchiectomy
removal of one of both testes
125
orchioplasty
surgical repair of a testis
126
orchiotomy
incision into a testis
127
ovariectomy
excision of one of both ovaries
128
ovariatomy
incision into an ovary
129
Pap smear
exfoliative biopsy or a scraping of the cervix to diagnose conditions of the cervix and surrounding tissues
130
saping-oophorectomy
removal of a ovary and Fallopian tube
131
tubal ligation
surgical procedure performed for female sterilization where each Fallopian tube is tied off or "ligated" to prevent the ovum from reaching the uterus
132
TURP
transurethral resection of the prostate; the removal of part or all of the prostate the the urethra
133
uteropexy
surgical fixation of the uterus
134
uteroplasty
surgical repair of the uterus
135
uterotomy
incision of the uterus
136
varicoceleectomy
the removal of a portion of an enlarged vein to remove a varicocele
137
vasovasostomy
procedure to restore fertility to a vasectomized male; reconnect the vas deferens
