Chapter 9: Blood, Lymph, And Immune System

Question 0

Antigen

Answer 0

Substance, recognized as a harmful to the host, that stimulates formation of antibodies in an immunocompetent individual

Question 1

Antibody

Answer 1

Protective protein produced by B lymphocytes in response to the presence of a foreign substance

Question 2

Bile pigment

Answer 2

Substance derived from the breakdown of hemoglobin and excreted by the liver

Question 3

Cytokine

Answer 3

Chemical substance produced by certain cells that intimates, inhibits, increases, or decreases activity in other cells

Question 4

Immunocompetent

Answer 4

Ability to develop an immune response or recognize antigens and respond to them

Question 5

Natural killer cells

Answer 5

Specialized lymphocytes that kill abnormal cells by releasing chemicals that destroy the cell membrane, causing its intercellular fluids to leak out

Question 6

Plasma

Answer 6

Connective tissue composed of a liquid medium in which solid components are suspended

Question 7

Erythrocytes

Answer 7

Red blood cells

Question 8

Leukocytes

Answer 8

White blood cells

Question 9

Thrombocytes

Answer 9

Platelets

Question 10

Hematopoiesis

Answer 10

development of blood cells to their mature form

Question 11

Hemoglobin

Answer 11

Specialized iron containing compound that gives erythrocytes their red color

Question 12

Hemosiderin

Answer 12

Iron compound from hemoglobin that return to bone marrow and reused in a different form to manufacture new blood cells

Question 13

Granulocytes

Answer 13

Leukocytes that contain visible granules in the cytoplasm

Question 14

Agranulocytes

Answer 14

Leukocytes that lack visible granules in the cytoplasm

Question 15

Mononuclear Leukocytes

Answer 15

Have nuclei that don’t form lobes

Question 16

Monocytes

Answer 16

Mildly phagocytize when found in blood vessels however they remain in the vascular channels only a short time when they exit they transform into macrophages, dead cells, and other debris at sites of inflammation

Question 17

Macrophages

Answer 17

Avid phagocytes capable of ingesting pathogens

Question 18

Lymphocytes

Answer 18

Include B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells

Question 19

B cells and T cells

Answer 19

Provide a highly specific body defense called acquired immunity I which lymphocytes recognize and destroy potential threats to your well being

Question 20

Natural killer cells

Answer 20

Provide a generalized defense and respond whenever a potentially dangerous or abnormal cell is encountered and they kill by releasing potent chemicals

Question 21

Platelets/ thrombocytes

Answer 21

Smallest formed elements found in blood that initiate blood clotting when they encounter damaged vessel walls that have been injured

Question 22

Hemostasis

Answer 22

Control of bleeding

Question 23

Thromboplastin

Answer 23

Substance that intimates clot formation

Question 24

Fibrinogen

Answer 24

Soluble blood protein

Question 25

Blood clot/ thrombus

Answer 25

Jelly like mass of blood cells and fibrin

Question 26

Plasma

Answer 26

Liquid portion of blood in which blood cells are suspended

Question 27

Plasma proteins

Answer 27

Albumins, globulins, fibrinogens

Question 28

Serum

Answer 28

Fibrinogen and clotting elements are removed from the plasma and the resulting liquid is known as

Question 29

Lymph system

Answer 29

Maintain fluid balance of the body by draining interstitial fluid from tissue spaces and returning it to the blood, transport lipids away from the digestive organs to use by body tissues, filter and remove unwanted or infectious products in lymph nodes

Question 30

Interstitial/ tissue fluid

Answer 30

Fluid coming from the blood capillaries that resembles plasma but contains less protein

Question 31

Lymph capillaries

Answer 31

Closed ended microscopic vessels where substance become lymph