Chapter 9 Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Question 1

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Answer 1

A disorder characterized by a combination of impulsivity, hyperactivity, and inattentiveness.

Question 2

Self-regulation

Answer 2

Control of one’s emotions, cognitions, and behaviors, involving both automatic and controlled processes.

Question 3

Effortful control

Answer 3

Attempts by infants to regulate their own stimulation and response; an individual characteristic described in current continuous, or dimensional, models of temperament.

Question 4

Executive function

Answer 4

A set of processes that include working memory, internalization of speech, and self-regulation of emotion, which contribute to children’s increasing control over their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, as well as their interactions with others and their environments.

Question 5

Two-factor model of ADHD

Answer 5

A model of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder emphasizing two distinct factors that underlie impairments: inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity.

Question 6

Final common pathway

Answer 6

There are multiple etiological factors leading to disorder, with the disorder as the result, or final common pathway, of combinations of different types of predisposing conditions and events.

Question 7

Polygenic model

Question 8

Behavioral parent training

Answer 8

A psychosocial intervention for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) that focuses on parent-managed reinforcement of child behavior, especially with regard to core ADHD symptoms.