Chapter 9: Articulations Flashcards

1
Q

Functional classification of joints

A
  • synarthroses
  • amphiarthroses
  • diarthroses
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2
Q

Synarthroses

A

immobile joints; can be fibrous or cartilaginous joints

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3
Q

Amphiarthroses

A

slightly mobile joints; can be fibrous or cartilaginous joints

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4
Q

Diarthroses

A

freely mobile joints; all synovial joints

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5
Q

Structural classification of joints

A
  • fibrous
  • cartilaginous
  • synovial
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6
Q

Fibrous joints

A
  • gomphoses
  • sutures
    -syndesmoses
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7
Q

Gomphoses

A

“peg in socket”; articulations of teeth

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8
Q

Suture

A

completely fused across the suture line; skull bones

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9
Q

Syndesmoses

A

provides the pivot for two long bones; found between the radius and ulna and between the tibia and fibula

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10
Q

Cartilaginous joints

A
  • synchondroses
  • symphyses
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11
Q

Synchondroses

A

immobile; bones joined by hyaline cartilage; found connecting the ribs to the sternum

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12
Q

Symphyses

A

resist compression and act as shock absorbers; allow slight mobility; pads of fibrocartilage between articulating bones; found in the pubic symphysis and in between vertebrae

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13
Q

Synovial joints

A
  • bones separated by a joint cavity
  • include most joints in the body
  • diarthrosis
    examples:
  • elbow
  • knee
  • ankle
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14
Q

Basic features of synovial joints

A
  • articular capsule and joint cavity
  • synovial fluid
  • articular cartilage
  • ligaments, nerves, and blood vessels
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15
Q

What is the relationship between mobility and stability?

A

they are inversely related; the more mobile a joint, the less stable it is and the more stable, the less mobile it is

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16
Q

Abduction

A

lateral movement of body part away from midline

17
Q

Adduction

A

medial movement of body part toward midline

18
Q

Dorsiflexion

A

dorsum of the foot/hand moves closer to the body
ex. digging in your heels so the dorsum of the foot is closer to the leg

19
Q

Plantar flexion

A

dorsum of the foot/hand moves farther from the body
ex. pointing your toes

20
Q

Flexion

A

brings bones closer together
ex. bending finger, bending knee

21
Q

Extension

A

increases the angle between articulating bones
ex. straightening arm, fingers or legs

22
Q

Pronation

A

medial rotation of forearm to palm of hand is posterior

23
Q

Supination

A

lateral rotation of forearm so palm of hand is anterior

24
Q

Elevation

A

superior movement of a body part
ex. lift shoulders

25
Q

Depression

A

inferior movement of a body part
ex. opening your mouth

26
Q

Eversion

A

sole turns laterally

27
Q

Inversion

A

sole turns medially

28
Q

Opposition

A

movement of thumb toward tips of fingers at carpometacarpal joint

29
Q

Reposition

A

opposite movement of opposition