Chapter 5: Tissue Flashcards
Polarity
cell has a top and a bottom
The major tissue types
- connective tissue
- epithelial tissue
- muscle tissue
- neural tissue
Functions of connective tissue
- protection
- support and structural framework
- storage
- transport
- immune protection
- binding of structures
Functions of epithelial tissue
- protection
- selective permeability
- secretions
- sensations
Main characteristics of epithelial tissue
- cellularity
- polarity
- attachment to the basal layer
- vascularity
- rich in variation
- high regeneration
Functions of muscle tissue
moves the skeleton system, organ walls, or body structures
Main characteristics of connective tissue
- contractile
- conductive
- elastic
- excitable
Functions of nervous tissue
- transmits nerve impulses
- processes information
- glial cells support, protect, and nourish neurons
Which type of epithelial tissue would be the least protective?
simple squamous
What type of connective tissue would be the most protective?
compact bone tissue
Body membranes
formed from epithelial layer bound to underlying CT
4 types of body membranes
- mucous membrane
- serous membrane
- cutaneous membrane
- synovial membrane
Mucous membrane
- lines compartments that open to the external environment
- performs absorptive, protective, and secretory functions
Serous membrane
- lines body cavities that do not open to the external environment
- produces thin, watery serous fluid
- composed of simple squamous epithelium
- parietal or visceral
Cutaneous membrane
- covers the external surface of the body
- keratinized squamous epithelium/ underlying CT
- protects internal organs and prevents water loss
Synovial membrane
- lines some joints in the body
- areolar CT
- synovial fluid secreted by epithelial cells
- reduces friction among moving bone parts
- distributes nutrients to cartilage
Endocrine glands
lack ducts; secrete hormones directly into blood
Exocrine glands
secretions released by duct
Merocrine glands
release secretions by exocytosis; include:
- lacrimal glands
- salivary glands
- some sweat glands
- gastric glands of the stomach
- exocrine glands of the pancreas
Apocrine glands
pinching off of apical membrane around a small portion of cytoplasm; include:
- mammary glands
- some sweat glands in axillary and pubic regions
- ceruminous glands (ear wax)
Holocrine glands
accumulation of a product in a cell; cell burts but is replaced; include:
- oil-producing glands in the skin (sebaceous glands)
