Chapter 6: Integument

Question 1

Layers of the integument

Answer 1

• epidermis
• dermis
• subcutaneous layer

Question 2

What are the functions of the epidermis and what tissue is it composed of?

Answer 2

tissue: keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
functions:
- protection
- prevention of water loss
- metabolic regulation (vitamin D)
- secretion
- absorption
- immune function

Question 2

What are functions of the dermis and what tissue is it composed of?

Answer 2

tissue: connective tissue proper
function: temperature regulation and secretion

Question 3

What are the functions of the subcutaneous layer and it what is it composed of?

Answer 3

tissue: adipose connective tissue and areolar connective tissue
function:
- protection
- thermal regulation/insulation
- energy storage

Question 4

What vitamin is formed by the skin and what is the process?

Answer 4

vitamin D
first, the keratinocytes create cholecalciferol and then it is transported throughout the blood and passes through the liver and is then turned into calcidiol and then transported to the kidney where it is turned into the active form of vitamin D, calcitriol, and increases absorption of calcium and phosphate from the small intestines into the blood

Question 5

What is the important function of vitamin D?

Answer 5

regulates the levels of calcium and phosphate in the blood

Question 6

When exposed to ultraviolet light, keratinocytes produce what?

Answer 6

cholecalciferol (vitamin D3)

Question 7

What is the function of melanin in the skin?

Answer 7

protects the skin cells and makes the skin darker

Question 8

What gives the skin its color?

Answer 8

• melanin
• hemoglobin
• carotene

Question 9

Melanin

Answer 9

due to melanocytes being transferred to keratinocytes to protect the epidermal cells from UV rays

Question 10

Hemoglobin

Answer 10

red, oxygen-binding protein in erythrocytes (red blood cells)

Question 11

Carotene

Answer 11

yellow-orange pigment acquired from vegetables and converted to vitamin A