Chapter 9 - Alkalinity Flashcards

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1
Q

Speciation of CO2 versus pH

A

H2CO3 : high concentration with low pHs, declines at 3.6
HCO3- : concentrations begin to increase at 3.6 and peaks at 8.3, then declines after that where it will hit a pH of 12 and have no concentration left
CO32- : concentrations begin to increase at 8.3, and hits a peak at pH 12

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2
Q

Co2 is _____ (acidic or basic)

A

acidic

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3
Q

Excess CO2 does what to the ocean’s acidity?

A

Increases it and acidic conditions make it harder for some species to survive. CO2 is corrosive to the shells and skeletons of many marine organisms

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4
Q

Total alkalinity

A

The total concentration of titratable bases expressed as calcium carbonate. Calcium carbonate is the basis for alkalinity as it is usually added to increase pH and alkalinity of acidic water (pond liming)

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5
Q

What are the two types of alkalinities

A

P and T alkalinities

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6
Q

P alkalinity

A

Phenolphthalein endpoint at pH 8.3 (pink)

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7
Q

T alkalinity

A

Methyl orange endpoint pH T4.5 (orange)

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8
Q

Total alkalinity analysis

A

Determined by titration of water sample with standard sulfuric acid

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9
Q

Sources of alkalinity

A

Carbonate makes up most of the total alkalinity due to the common occurrence and dissolution of carbonate rocks and CO2 in the atmosphere. Other sources: dissolved ammonia borate, phosphate etc.

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10
Q

Buffers

A

Consists of a mixture of weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid

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11
Q

Low alkalinity waters = ____ buffering capacity

A

Low

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12
Q

Waters with total alkalinity 0-50 mg/L are usually

A

Less productive

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